Sarcoma Cell-specific Radiation Sensitization by Titanate Scrolled Nanosheets: Insights from Physicochemical Analysis and Transcriptomic Profiling

The objective of this in vitro study was to explore the potential of Titanate Scrolled Nanosheets (TNs) in improving the radiation sensitivity of sarcoma cell lines. Enhancing the response of cancer cells to radiation therapy is crucial, and one promising approach involves utilizing metal oxide nanoparticles. We focused on investigating the impact of exposing two human sarcoma cell lines to TNs and ionizing radiation (IR). Our research was prompted by previous in vitro toxicity assessments, revealing a correlation between TNs' toxicity and alterations in intracellular calcium homeostasis. TNs were synthesized via a hydrothermal process using titanium dioxide powder in alkaline solution. Our study quantified the intracellular content of TNs and analyzed their impact on radiation-induced responses. This assessment encompassed PIXE analysis, cell proliferation and transcriptomic analysis. We observed that sarcoma cells internalized TNs, causing alterations in intracellular calcium homeostasis. Irradiation was also found to influence intracellular calcium levels. Transcriptomic analysis revealed marked disparities in the gene expression patterns between the two sarcoma cell lines, suggesting a potential cell-line-dependent nano-sensitization to IR. These results significantly advance our comprehension of the interplay between TNs, IR, and cancer cells, promising potential enhancement of the radiation therapy efficacy. To investigate the capacity of metal oxide nanoparticles (TNs) to improve the radiation sensitivity of sarcoma cells. Two sarcoma cell lines (IB106 and IB115) were exposed to the following experimental conditions: TNs, 1Gy, 1Gy-TNs, 2Gy and 2Gy-TNs