The transcriptomic landscape of Galectin-3-treated versus vehicle-treated Tregs

Galectin-3, a β-galactoside-binding lectin, has been implicated in several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the significance of circulating Galectin-3 in type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unclear. Pharmacological inhibition (TD139) as well as knockout of the Galectin-3 gene both attenuated Galectin-3-mediated suppression of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and protected from insulitis and diabetes onset in NOD mice. To further elucidate the downstream mechanisms, we performed RNA-seq analysis to profile the transcriptomic landscape of Galectin-3-treated versus vehicle-treated Tregs. Mechanistically, Galectin-3 binds to and activates lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG3), a receptor expressed on activated T cells, subsequently suppressing the MEK/ERK signaling pathway and thereby hindering Treg differentiation and function.
, , # The transcriptomic landscape of Galectin-3-treated versus vehicle-treated Tregs

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.7pvmcvf67](10.5061/dryad.7pvmcvf67)

## Description of the data and file structure

In this study, transcriptomic analysis was performed using a reference-based approach on six samples. A total of 40.21 GB of clean sequencing data was obtained, with individual sample data volumes ranging from 5.87 to 7.04 GB. The Q30 score per base varied between 96.92% and 97.24%, with an average GC content of 49.35%. The reads were aligned to the reference genome, yielding mapping rates of 98.83% to 98.95% across all samples. Based on the alignment results, protein-coding gene expression levels were quantified. Differential expression analysis was conducted using one comparative group, identifying a total of 619 differentially expressed genes.

### Files and variables

#### File: counts_anno.CSV

**Description:** counts_anno data of RNA-seq. The table contains Expression data (G3 and Treg sam...,