Supplementary materials: Effectiveness of bisoprolol versus other β-blockers and other antihypertensive classes: a cohort study in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink

These are peer-reviewed supplementary materials for the article 'Effectiveness of bisoprolol versus other β-blockers and other antihypertensive classes: a cohort study in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink' published in the Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research.Supplementary Figure 1: A model showing the progress of each patient through different hypertension states over time.Supplementary Table 1: Antihypertensive drugs considered for each treatment of interest.Supplementary Figure 2: Patient attrition and the number of patients in each analysis set.Supplementary Table 2: Baseline characteristics before matching, in patients fulfilling the study criteria.Supplementary Table 3: Baseline comorbidities and comedications, in patients fulfilling the study definition.Supplementary Table 4: Baseline characteristics of all analysis sets, post-matching. A. Baseline characteristics and comedications after matching, in the T2DM analysis set.Supplementary Figure 3: Distribution of the propensity scores, after matching.Supplementary Table 5: Standardized mean differences before/after matching.Supplementary Table 6: Transition intensities for the multi-state model between controlled and uncontrolled BP states, length of stay in the controlled state, after matching in the BP analysis set.Supplementary Table 7: Number of events and safety event incidence rates after matching, for each event of interest and comparison group. Supplementary Table 8: Cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models and Fine and Gray models for T2DM – sensitivity analysis excluding patients with prior impaired fasting blood glucose levels.Supplementary Table 9: Cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models and Fine and Gray models for competing events of outcome for interest.Aim: To compare blood pressure (BP) and safety outcomes in patients with hypertension initiating bisoprolol, versus other β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers or diuretics. Materials & methods: New user cohort study. Patients initiating bisoprolol were matched with up to four patients, in each comparator cohort using propensity score. BP outcomes were compared using linear mixed models and safety outcomes using Cox proportional hazards. Results: Differences in average systolic and diastolic BP variation were ≤3 mmHg between bisoprolol versus the compared classes. No difference was observed in risk of diabetes, obesity or erectile dysfunction. An increased dyslipidemia risk was only observed versus diuretics (hazard ratio: 0.76; 98.75% CI: 0.58, 0.99). Conclusion: No differences in BP variation and safety outcomes.

本数据集为发表在《比较疗效研究杂志》上的文章《比索洛尔与其他β受体阻滞剂及其他抗高血压类药物的有效性：临床实践研究数据链中的队列研究》的同行评审补充材料。补充图1：展示每位患者随时间推移通过不同高血压状态的模型。补充表1：考虑用于每项治疗兴趣的降压药物。补充图2：分析集中患者流失及每位分析集中的患者数量。补充表2：匹配前的基线特征，符合研究标准的患者。补充表3：符合研究定义的患者的基线合并症和共用药。补充表4：匹配后的所有分析集的基线特征。A. 匹配后的基线特征和共用药，在2型糖尿病分析集中。补充图3：匹配后的倾向得分分布。补充表5：匹配前后的标准化平均差异。补充表6：在血压分析集中，匹配后控制与非控制血压状态之间的多状态模型转换强度，控制状态下的住院时长。补充表7：匹配后，针对每个感兴趣事件和比较组的数量和安全性事件发生率。补充表8：针对T2DM的特定原因Cox比例风险模型和Fine and Gray模型的敏感性分析，排除先前有空腹血糖受损水平的患者。补充表9：针对感兴趣结果的竞争事件的特定原因Cox比例风险模型和Fine and Gray模型。研究目的：比较高血压患者开始使用比索洛尔与使用其他β受体阻滞剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂/血管紧张素II受体阻滞剂、钙通道阻滞剂或利尿剂的血压（BP）和安全性结果。研究材料与方法：新用户队列研究。使用倾向得分将开始使用比索洛尔的患者的群体与最多四个比较队列中的患者进行匹配。使用线性混合模型比较血压结果，使用Cox比例风险模型比较安全性结果。研究结果：比索洛尔与比较类药物相比，平均收缩压和舒张压的变化差异≤3毫米汞柱。未观察到糖尿病、肥胖或勃起功能障碍的风险差异。仅观察到与利尿剂相比，不良血脂风险增加（风险比：0.76；95%置信区间：0.58，0.99）。研究结论：血压变化和安全性结果无差异。