Antarctic Climate Data Collected by Australian Agencies

NOTE - to access these data, please contact the AADC. The data can only be made available on request. This record provides a listing of meteorological data collected in the Australian Antarctic Territory by members of the Australian Antarctic program (and it's predecessors) and the Bureau of Meteorology. The data have been obtained by manual observations and by automatic weather stations.All data are available from the Bureau of Meteorology, and are considered to be the authoritative source of weather data in the Australian Antarctic Territory (as they have been quality checked). Raw data directly from the automatic weather stations at the stations is available at https://data.aad.gov.au/aws.The data available here includes:- Automatic Weather Station data from 7 sites - Casey, Davis, Macquarie Island, Mawson, Wilkins, Davis Whoop Whoop, and Casey Skiway South. Data resolution varies, but is approximately every 30 minutes.- Daily weather data from 48 sites. Note - not all of these sites are still operational.- Synoptic weather data from 53 sites. Note - not all of these sites are still operational.- Terrestrial soil data from 4 sites. Note - not all of these sites are still operational.- Upper air data from 5 sites. Note - not all of these sites are still operational.- High resolution, 1 minute automatic weather station data from 7 sites - Casey, Davis, Macquarie Island, Mawson, Wilkins, Davis Whoop Whoop, and Casey Skiway South.- Daily and Synoptic data from a number of decommissioned sites.Site details of 24 sites. For full site listings, seeing the file for station details within each dataset ("HM01X_StnDet").Meteorology data from Wilkes Station, Antarctica 1960 - 1968 - data collected include: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb; wet bulb; dew point), air pressure, wind (direction,speed and maximum gust; run (greater than 3 m)), phenomena, sunshine, cloud.Meteorology data from Casey Station (current) (300017), Antarctica 1989 ongoing, surface measurements - location 66.2792 S, 110.5356 E, with a barometric height of 42.3m. Data collected include the following: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb), air pressure, wind (direction;speed), humidity, rainfall, sunshine, cloud, visibility. An AWS is now in operation at Casey station.Meteorology data from Davis Station (300000), Antarctica 1957 ongoing, surface measurements - location 68.5772 S, 77.9725 E, with a station height of 16.0m and a barometric height of 22.3m. - location 66.2792 S, 110.5356 E, with a barometric height of 42.3m. Data collected include the following: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb; terrestrial minimum, soil temperature), air pressure, wind (direction, speed; run), rainfall, sunshine, cloud, humidity, visibility. An AWS is now in operation at Davis station.Meteorology data from Mawson Station (300001), Antarctica 1954 ongoing, surface measurements - location 67.6014 S, 62.8731 E, with a station height of 9.9m and a barometric height of 16.0m. Data collected include the following: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb), air pressure, wind (direction,speed), humidity, cloud, rainfall, sunshine. An AWS is now in operation at Mawson station.Meteorology data from Macquarie Island Station (300004), 1948 ongoing, surface measurements - location 54.4997 S, 158.9522 E, with a station height of 6.0m, a barometric height of 8.3m and an aerodrome height of 6.0m. Data collected include the following: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb; wet bulb; terrestrial minimum; soil 10cm,20cm,50cm,100cm), air pressure, wind (direction; speed; run), rainfall, sunshine, cloud, visibility, humidity, sea state, radiation. An AWS is now in operation at Macquarie Island station.Meteorology data from Heard Island (Atlas Cove) Station (300005), first installed 1948 - location 53.02 S, 73.39 E, with a station height of 3.0m, and a barometric height of 3.5m. Data collected include the following: temperature, air pressure, rainfall.Meteorology data from Heard Island (The Spit) Station (300028), installed 1992 - location 53.1069 S, 73.7211 E, with a station height of 12.0m and a barometric height of 12.5m. Data collected include the following: temperature (air and minimum terrestrial), air pressure, humidity, wind direction, sunshine, cloud.Meteorology data from Casey Station (current) (300017), Antarctica 1989 ongoing, upper atmosphere measurements - location 66.2792 S, 110.5356 E, with a barometric height of 42.3m. Data collected include the following: upper atmospheric temperature (via a radiosonde), upper atmospheric wind (using a wind find radar).Meteorology data from Davis Station (300000), Antarctica 1957 ongoing, upper atmosphere measurements - location 68.5772 S, 77.9725 E, with a station height of 16.0m and a barometric height of 22.3m. Data collected include the following: upper atmospheric temperature (using radiosonde), upper atmosphere wind (using wind find radar).Meteorology data from Mawson Station (300001), Antarctica 1954 ongoing, upper atmosphere measurements - location 67.6014 S, 62.8731 E, with a station height of 9.9m and a barometric height of 16.0m. Data collected include the following: upper atmosphere temperature and wind (using sounding processor and GPS).Meteorology data from Macquarie Island Station (300004), 1948 ongoing, upper atmosphere measurements - location 54.4997 S, 158.9522 E, with a station height of 6.0m, a barometric height of 8.3m and an aerodrome height of 6.0m. Data collected include the following: upper atmosphere temperature and wind (collected using wind find radar and radiosondes).Meteorology data from Knuckey Peaks Station (300009), 1975 - 1984 - location 67.8 S, 53.5 E.Meteorology data from Heard Island (Atlas Cove) Station (300005), first installed 1948, upper atmosphere measurements - location 53.02 S, 73.39 E, with a station height of 3.0m, and a barometric height of 3.5m. Data recorded include: upper atmosphere temperature, upper atmosphere wind.Meteorology data from Mount King Satellite of Mawson Station (300010), Antarctica, 1975 - 1984 - location 67.1 S, 52.5 E, with a station height of 112.5m. Data recorded include: temperature (dry bulb), air pressure, humidity, visibility, and some upper atmosphere measurements.Meteorology data from Lanyon Junction Station (300011), Antarctica 1983 to 1987 - location 66.3 S, 110.8667 E, with a station height of 470.0m. Observational records include: humidity charts, thermograph charts, pilot balloon flights, and surface observations.Meteorology data from Haupt Nunatak (Casey) Automatic Weather Station (site 300012), installed 1994 - located at 66.5819 S, 110.6939 E near Casey station, with a station height of 81.4m and a barometer height of 83.4m. Data recorded include: barometric pressure, wind direction, speed and gust, and air temperature.Meteorology data from Depot Peak site (300013), Antarctica, installed 1990 - location 69.05 S, 164.6 E, and has a station height of 1600 m. Instruments at the site include: barometer, cup anemometer and humicap (temperature and humidity).Meteorology data from Edgeworth David (Bunger Hills) Station (300014), Antarctica, 1986 to 1989 - location 66.25 S, 100.6036 E, with a station height of 6.0m and a barometric height of 7.0m.Meteorology data from Law Base Station (300015),Antarctica, 1989 - 1992 - location 69.4167 S, 76.5 E, with a station height of 77.0m.Meteorology data from Dovers Station (300016), Antarctica, 1988 to 1992 - located at 70.2333 S, 65.85 E, with a station height of 1058.0m and a barometric height of 1059.0m. Data recorded include: Air pressure, air temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, cloud, visibility and upper atmosphere data.Meteorology data from Balaena Island Automatic Weather Station (300032), installed 1994 - location 66.017 S, 111.0833 E, 22.21 Nm NE of Casey, with a station height of 8.0m and a barometric height of 10m. Data collected from this AWS include: Wind speed and direction, wind gust, air temperature and barometric pressure.Meteorology data from Snyder Rocks Automatic Weather Station (300033), Antarctica, installed 1994 - located at 66.55 S, 107.75 E, with a station height of 40m and a barometric height of 42m. Data collected include: air temperature, barometric pressure, wind speed, direction and gust.Meteorology data from Law Dome Summit South Automatic Weather Station (300034), Antarctica, installed 1995 - location 66.717 S, 112.9333 E, with a station height of 1375.0 m. Data collected include: air pressure, air temperature, wind speed and direction.Meteorology data from Casey(old) Station, Antarctica 1969 - 1989. Data collected include: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb; wet bulb; dew point), air pressure, wind (direction,speed and maximum gust; run (greater than 3 m)), phenomena, sunshine, cloud, radiation (global,diffuse).

注意：如需获取本数据集，请联系AADC。本数据集仅可根据申请提供。
本记录收录了澳大利亚南极项目（及其前身团队）与澳大利亚气象局在澳大利亚南极领地采集的气象数据列表。这些数据通过人工观测与自动气象站（Automatic Weather Station, AWS）两种方式获取。所有数据均可从澳大利亚气象局获取，且经过质量校验，被视为澳大利亚南极领地气象数据的权威来源。各站点自动气象站的原始数据可通过 https://data.aad.gov.au/aws 获取。
本数据集提供的内容包括：
- 7个站点的自动气象站数据：凯西（Casey）、戴维斯（Davis）、麦夸里岛（Macquarie Island）、莫森（Mawson）、威尔金斯（Wilkins）、戴维斯呼普呼普（Davis Whoop Whoop）以及凯西滑雪道南站（Casey Skiway South）。数据分辨率有所差异，平均约为每30分钟一次。
- 48个站点的每日气象数据。注：并非所有站点目前仍在运行。
- 53个站点的天气学观测数据。注：并非所有站点目前仍在运行。
- 4个站点的陆地土壤数据。注：并非所有站点目前仍在运行。
- 5个站点的高空气象数据。注：并非所有站点目前仍在运行。
- 7个站点的高分辨率1分钟级自动气象站数据：凯西、戴维斯、麦夸里岛、莫森、威尔金斯、戴维斯呼普呼普以及凯西滑雪道南站。
- 多个已退役站点的每日气象与天气学观测数据。
包含24个站点的详细信息。如需完整站点列表，请查阅各数据集中的站点详情文件「HM01X_StnDet」。

1960年至1968年，南极威尔克斯站（Wilkes Station）的气象数据：采集数据包括最高/最低气温、干球温度、湿球温度、露点温度、气压、风向、风速、最大阵风、3米以上风速运行量、天气现象、日照时长与云况。
1989年至今，南极现任凯西站（Casey Station，编号300017）的地面气象观测数据：站点位于南纬66.2792°、东经110.5356°，气压基准高度为42.3米。采集数据包括最高/最低气温、干球温度、气压、风向、风速、湿度、降雨量、日照时长、云况与能见度。凯西站目前已部署自动气象站。
1957年至今，南极戴维斯站（Davis Station，编号300000）的地面气象观测数据：站点分别位于南纬68.5772°、东经77.9725°（站点海拔16.0米，气压基准高度22.3米），以及南纬66.2792°、东经110.5356°（气压基准高度42.3米）。采集数据包括最高/最低气温、干球温度、地面最低温度、土壤温度、气压、风向、风速、风速运行量、降雨量、日照时长、云况、湿度与能见度。戴维斯站目前已部署自动气象站。
1954年至今，南极莫森站（Mawson Station，编号300001）的地面气象观测数据：站点位于南纬67.6014°、东经62.8731°，站点海拔9.9米，气压基准高度16.0米。采集数据包括最高/最低气温、干球温度、气压、风向、风速、湿度、云况、降雨量与日照时长。莫森站目前已部署自动气象站。
1948年至今，麦夸里岛站（Macquarie Island Station，编号300004）的地面气象观测数据：站点位于南纬54.4997°、东经158.9522°，站点海拔6.0米，气压基准高度8.3米，机场海拔6.0米。采集数据包括最高/最低气温、干球温度、湿球温度、地面最低温度、10cm/20cm/50cm/100cm深度土壤温度、气压、风向、风速、风速运行量、降雨量、日照时长、云况、能见度、湿度、海况与辐射量。麦夸里岛站目前已部署自动气象站。
赫德岛（阿特拉斯湾）站（Heard Island (Atlas Cove) Station，编号300005），1948年首次部署：站点位于南纬53.02°、东经73.39°，站点海拔3.0米，气压基准高度3.5米。采集数据包括气温、气压与降雨量。
赫德岛（斯皮特角）站（Heard Island (The Spit) Station，编号300028），1992年部署：站点位于南纬53.1069°、东经73.7211°，站点海拔12.0米，气压基准高度12.5米。采集数据包括气温、地面最低温度、气压、湿度、风向、日照时长与云况。
1989年至今，南极现任凯西站（编号300017）的高空气象观测数据：站点位于南纬66.2792°、东经110.5356°，气压基准高度42.3米。采集数据包括通过无线电探空仪获取的高空温度，以及通过测风雷达获取的高空风场数据。
1957年至今，南极戴维斯站（编号300000）的高空气象观测数据：站点位于南纬68.5772°、东经77.9725°，站点海拔16.0米，气压基准高度22.3米。采集数据包括通过无线电探空仪获取的高空温度，以及通过测风雷达获取的高空风场数据。
1954年至今，南极莫森站（编号300001）的高空气象观测数据：站点位于南纬67.6014°、东经62.8731°，站点海拔9.9米，气压基准高度16.0米。采集数据包括通过探空处理器与GPS获取的高空温度与风场数据。
1948年至今，麦夸里岛站（编号300004）的高空气象观测数据：站点位于南纬54.4997°、东经158.9522°，站点海拔6.0米，气压基准高度8.3米，机场海拔6.0米。采集数据包括通过测风雷达与无线电探空仪获取的高空温度与风场数据。
1975年至1984年，纳基峰站（Knuckey Peaks Station，编号300009）的气象数据：站点位于南纬67.8°、东经53.5°。
1948年首次部署的赫德岛（阿特拉斯湾）站（编号300005）的高空气象观测数据：站点位于南纬53.02°、东经73.39°，站点海拔3.0米，气压基准高度3.5米。记录数据包括高空温度与高空风场数据。
1975年至1984年，南极莫森站下属的金卫星山站（Mount King Satellite of Mawson Station，编号300010）：站点位于南纬67.1°、东经52.5°，站点海拔112.5米。记录数据包括干球温度、气压、湿度、能见度以及部分高空气象观测数据。
1983年至1987年，南极兰尼翁枢纽站（Lanyon Junction Station，编号300011）：站点位于南纬66.3°、东经110.8667°，站点海拔470.0米。观测记录包括湿度图、温度自记图、测风气球观测以及地面气象观测数据。
霍普特冰原岛峰（凯西）自动气象站（Haupt Nunatak (Casey) Automatic Weather Station，编号300012），1994年部署：站点位于凯西站附近，南纬66.5819°、东经110.6939°，站点海拔81.4米，气压基准高度83.4米。记录数据包括气压、风向、风速、阵风以及气温。
南极德波特峰站（Depot Peak，编号300013），1990年部署：站点位于南纬69.05°、东经164.6°，站点海拔1600米。站内设备包括气压计、杯式风速计以及Humicap温湿度传感器。
1986年至1989年，南极Edgeworth David（邦格丘陵）站（编号300014）：站点位于南纬66.25°、东经100.6036°，站点海拔6.0米，气压基准高度7.0米。
1989年至1992年，南极劳基地站（Law Base Station，编号300015）：站点位于南纬69.4167°、东经76.5°，站点海拔77.0米。
1988年至1992年，南极多弗斯站（Dovers Station，编号300016）：站点位于南纬70.2333°、东经65.85°，站点海拔1058.0米，气压基准高度1059.0米。记录数据包括气压、气温、湿度、风速、风向、云况、能见度以及高空气象数据。
巴莱纳岛自动气象站（Balaena Island Automatic Weather Station，编号300032），1994年部署：站点位于凯西东北22.21海里处，南纬66.017°、东经111.0833°，站点海拔8.0米，气压基准高度10米。该自动气象站采集的数据包括风速、风向、阵风、气温与气压。
斯奈德岩自动气象站（Snyder Rocks Automatic Weather Station，编号300033），1994年部署：站点位于南纬66.55°、东经107.75°，站点海拔40米，气压基准高度42米。采集数据包括气温、气压、风速、风向与阵风。
劳穹顶南峰自动气象站（Law Dome Summit South Automatic Weather Station，编号300034），1995年部署：站点位于南纬66.717°、东经112.9333°，站点海拔1375.0米。采集数据包括气压、气温、风速与风向。
1969年至1989年，南极旧凯西站（Casey(old) Station）的气象数据：采集数据包括最高/最低气温、干球温度、湿球温度、露点温度、气压、风向、风速、最大阵风、3米以上风速运行量、天气现象、日照时长、云况以及总辐射与散射辐射。