Lifespan and vacuolar changes of novel DR–essential genes.

Vacuolar-implicated genes, which were found via a guilt-by-association (GbA) strategy using DR-essential genes, were tested in replicative-lifespan assays under ad libitum (2% glucose) and DR (i.e. 0.5% glucose) diets. Samples with over 30% of cells having 1 round vacuole/cell were classified as round vacuole and samples with less than 30% of cells having 1 round vacuole were classified as fragmented. Lifespan data is presented in the form a/b (c) where a = mean, b = max., and c = N. p-values are for the mean lifespan comparisons. For vacuolar morphology, about 100–200 cells were counted in each sample. Genes for which the transcript-level change was >2-fold are marked with an asterisk. Vacuolar change = changes of the fraction (%) of cells with 1 round vacuole per cell from AL→DR. WT = wild-type.