Citizens' Pulse 2/2022

The Citizens' Pulse surveys examine Finnish attitudes and opinions in the context of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Main themes in the surveys include the activity and communication of authorities, compliance with regulations, future expectations, trust, and the respondents' own state of mind. This collection round also included questions about the social security reform (2020-2027) in Finland. The second collection round of 2022 surveyed the respondents' opinions on the reliability of the information provided by various Finnish authorities (e.g. the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare) and members of various groups (e.g. health care employees, researchers) on the coronavirus crisis. The respondents were asked to evaluate how fair or unfair they thought Finnish society was at present, and their state of mind was examined with questions on various matters relating to health and well-being. The questions covered, for example, whether the respondents were worried about their own risk or the risk of people close to them contracting COVID-19, the availability of health care for them and people close to them for issues unrelated to COVID-19, their own mental well-being, and whether they felt their lives were meaningful. Additionally, the respondents were asked about their concerns in regard to livelihood and everyday life (e.g. whether they were worried about the adequacy of their income or the income of people close to them, the uncertainty regarding how long the exceptional circumstances would last, and their children's schooling). The respondents' confidence in their future and experiences of stress were surveyed, and the respondents were asked to evaluate whether an atmosphere of crisis prevailed amongst Finns. Next, the respondents opinions on the availability, reliability and accuracy of the information provided by Finnish authorities on the coronavirus crisis was charted. Compliance with coronavirus restrictions was examined by asking the respondents whether they had followed the restrictions and recommendations set by authorities for preventing transmission of the virus, including maintaining safe distances, wearing a face mask, and minimising contacts with people outside immediate family and friends. The respondents were also asked whether they had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, and how necessary they felt that it was to follow measures such as wearing a mask and maintaining safe distances after receiving two or three doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. The respondents were surveyed on how useful they thought several measures were in preventing the spread of COVID-19 (e.g. testing yourself with rapid antigen at-home tests, avoiding public events, and using a COVID-19 certificate to enter restaurants and events), and how long they would be willing to comply with the measures. The respondents were also asked whether they thought that the current schedule for lifting COVID-19 restrictions was too soon, too late, or well-timed. Opinions on the social security reform in Finland were examined by asking the respondents how much they agreed or disagreed with several statements on the topic of social security (e.g. I trust that the majority of people participate in society according to their own abilities and the possibilities afforded by them, An unemployed jobseeker should have the right to refuse a job that creates a significant amount of CO2 emissions, and Environmentally friendly choices are not financially easy for everyone which is why social security should encourage people to make environmentally friendly choices). Background variables included the respondent's gender, age group, NUTS3 region of residence, highest level of education, household composition, and perceived financial situation of household.

《公民脉搏》调查审视了芬兰民众在新冠（COVID-19）疫情背景下的态度与观点。调查的主要议题包括当局的活跃度和沟通方式、法规遵守情况、对未来期望、信任度以及受访者的自身心态。本收集轮次还涵盖了关于芬兰（2020-2027）社会保障改革的提问。2022年的第二次收集轮次则调查了受访者对芬兰各权威机构（例如芬兰健康福利研究所）以及不同群体成员（例如医护人员、研究人员）在新冠危机中提供信息的可靠性的看法。受访者被要求评估他们认为芬兰社会目前是否公平或不公平，并通过与健康和福祉相关的问题来考察他们的心态。问题涉及，例如，受访者是否担心自己或亲近的人感染COVID-19的风险，他们及其亲近的人因非COVID-19相关问题而获得医疗保健的可用性，他们自身的心理健康，以及他们是否认为自己的生活有意义。此外，受访者还被问及他们对生计和日常生活的担忧（例如，他们是否担心自己或亲近的人的收入是否充足，对非常规情况持续时间的不确定性，以及孩子的教育问题）。调查了受访者对未来信心和压力体验的感受，并询问受访者是否认为芬兰人之间存在危机氛围。接着，调查了受访者对芬兰当局在新冠危机中提供的信息的可用性、可靠性和准确性的看法。通过询问受访者是否遵循了当局为防止病毒传播而设定的限制和推荐措施（包括保持安全距离、佩戴口罩以及尽可能减少与家庭成员和朋友的接触），考察了新冠限制的遵守情况。受访者还被问及他们是否至少接种了一剂COVID-19疫苗，以及他们认为在接种两剂或三剂疫苗后，遵循佩戴口罩和保持安全距离等措施是必要的程度。受访者还被调查他们认为哪些措施在预防COVID-19传播方面是有用的（例如，使用快速抗原自测，避免公共活动，以及使用COVID-19证书进入餐厅和活动），以及他们愿意遵守这些措施的时间长度。受访者还被问及他们认为目前解除新冠限制的时间表是否过早、过晚或恰到好处。通过询问受访者对社会保障改革议题的若干陈述的同意或不同意程度（例如，“我相信大多数人会根据自己的能力和所提供的机会参与社会”，“失业求职者应有权拒绝创造大量二氧化碳排放的工作”，“环保选择并非对每个人来说都经济实惠，因此社会保障应鼓励人们做出环保选择”），考察了受访者对芬兰社会保障改革的观点。背景变量包括受访者的性别、年龄组、居住地的NUTS3区域、最高教育水平、家庭构成以及家庭感知的财务状况。