The genera Helvella and Dissingia (Ascomycota: Pezizomycetes) in Europe – Notes on species from Spain

Phylogenetic analyses of 115 newly collected Helvella specimens from Spain using three genetic markers [heat shock protein 90 (hsp), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) and the nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU)] confirm the assignment of the Spanish collections to one Dissingia and 30 Helvella species. The analyses were supplemented with an additional sample of 65 Spanish and extralimital Helvella specimens from the fungaria of Oslo (O), Trondheim (TRH), Copenhagen (C), Uppsala (UPS), Stockholm (S) and Venice (MCVE). Nine species are described as new, i.e. Helvella fuscolacunosa, H. hispanica, H. iberica, H. inexpectata, H. neopallescens, H. phlebophoroides, H. poculiformis, H. retinervis, and H. terricola. We present photographs of a selection of fresh specimens and provide descriptions of all species of this diverse South European Mediterranean element of the genera in Europe.

对115份采自西班牙的新采集马鞍菌属（Helvella）标本，采用热休克蛋白90（heat shock protein 90，hsp）、RNA聚合酶II第二大亚基（RNA polymerase II second largest subunit，rpb2）及核大亚基核糖体DNA（nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA，LSU）共3个遗传标记开展系统发育分析，结果确认这批西班牙标本可归入1个Dissingia属物种以及30个马鞍菌属物种。本研究补充了65份来自奥斯陆（O）、特隆赫姆（TRH）、哥本哈根（C）、乌普萨拉（UPS）、斯德哥尔摩（S）及威尼斯（MCVE）标本馆的西班牙本土及境外马鞍菌属标本作为补充样本。其中9个物种被描述为新种，分别为Helvella fuscolacunosa、H. hispanica、H. iberica、H. inexpectata、H. neopallescens、H. phlebophoroides、H. poculiformis、H. retinervis以及H. terricola。本文展示了部分新鲜标本的实拍照片，并对欧洲地区该属中多样的南欧地中海区系成分的所有物种提供了详细形态描述。