The tool to calculating a carbon footprint for a parcel delivery business in Thailand

This research aims to find a tool for calculating the carbon footprint within the specific context of a retailer that sells auto parts. The objectives is to explore and find methods to measure the carbon footprint of a parcel delivery business in Thailand. This aligns with the global push towards sustainability in business practices. As consumer awareness grows, businesses must adapt to remain competitive and meet customer expectations. Also, Government regulations play a significant role in shaping how companies report their carbon emissions. International agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, further emphasize the commitment of businesses to environmental responsibilities on a global scale. The scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions are applying to find the emission sources. The concept of CO2 equivalent (CO2e) is used to express the total global warming impact of different greenhouse gases in terms of the amount of CO2 that would have the same warming effect. The equation for calculating CO2e is equal to activity data multiply with emission factor, where activity Data is the quantitative measure of the specific activity or process that contributes to emissions and emission factor is the average amount of greenhouse gas emissions per unit of the activity data. It represents the specific environmental impact associated with the activity. There are three main categories for carbon emission accounting. First, operation and energy consumption. This includes lighting and HVAC systems. Second, transportation emission. It is a key contributor to the carbon footprint in the supply chain since logistics now play the essential role. Third, waste management emission including recycling programs and sustainable packaging practices, contributes to waste reduction and environmental sustainability. After going through some research, there are some research gap which is there are lots of procedure to calculate carbon footprint in many industries, and in each sector need their own specification, so parcel delivery business is one of the sector that need to be determined. For the challenge of this research is how to get the accurate data, especially in obtaining accurate transportation data and also discuss potential solutions using new technologies such as artificial intelligence for better predictions and understanding of carbon emissions. In the future, more research needs to be determined in order to get better understanding.