KK2-0007 - Nat na hpan (Types of the spirit) with English translation

Translation (by Mike Tu Awng) When it comes to the "Nat" or the spirit, there are generally two kinds. "Natgun" or the guardian spirits, and "Shawa nat" or the common spirits. "Shawa nat" or the common spirit are worshiped by all. What Nats are included in the common spirit? In the common spirit, there are thunder spirit, "Mu nat", wind spirit, "Nbung nat", fire spirit, "Wan nat", and "Madai nat" are included. In addition, "Sawn nat", "Jahtung nat", "Sahka nat", "Nampum nat", "Lamun nats", and "Sapawt nats" are included in the common spirit. Anyone who wants to worship can worship these spirits. And then, there are two types in "Shawa nat" or the common spirit, namely spirits from above, and spirits on earth. In the spirits from above, there are the thunder and wind spirits. The "Shinla" and "Ndawn" spirits are included in the spirits from above. And then, in the spirits on earth, there are the "Sawn" spirit, and "Lamun" spirit. The "Jahtung" spirit, or evil spirit, is included in both spirit from above and spirit on earth. The "Jahtung" spirit is a relative of the thunder spirit. It is in both; spirit from above and spirit on earth. The "Sawn" spirit and "Lamun" spirit are spirits on earth. They are spirits on earth. Anyone can worship these common spirits. But, "Kumgun" or guardian spirits are not included here. Lahtaw clan has separate ones. Lahpai clan has separate ones too. Ancestors were Nats, "spirits" long ago. We, Magawng clan, has our own guardian spirits, too. In the "Kumgun" spirits in a family, there are some people who have ten "Kumgun" spirits in a family. Some have six, and some have five "Kumgun" spirits. Some have four, and some have only two of it. We have four. Our ancestors had four "Kumgun" spirits. They all have names. Names are given. And, in the "Kumgun" guardian spirits, there are also two types. "Nhtawt daw ai" means making Nat spirits as a guardian spirit for a family. A designated place is made in the house for the spirit. But spirits without patronizing, or normal spirits are kept outside the house. "Kumgun nat" spirits are clarified as two types. How do we perceive about these spirits? For those who do not think deeply, they just worship them as if it is nothing. However, for those who take Nats seriously, they think that Nats can only protect the physical body. After a person has died, the soul has nothing to do with the Nat spirit. Before a person dies, the Nat spirit can either destroy or protect the person, or can give wealth to people. No one can stand on the way when the Nat spirit destroys. Or the Nat can protect and give wealth. It is thought that the Nat spirit has these three powers. All the "mu" or thunder spirits are included in it. So are the guardian spirits. After death, it is said that they, Nats too, cannot do anything either. The souls, they do not own this physical body any longer. The theory at that time was even much better than Israeli’s theory. It was higher. Let’s talk about Israel. Even though Israel is very advanced today, their ancestors in the past offered lamb sacrifice to their God. Kachin people knew God even before that. The God we Kachin people knew wanted nothing from people, except integrity, and honest mind. They didn’t offer anything. During BC, Israelis even killed and sacrificed people. That’s why philosophy of the Kachin people was higher than of Israelis’ in the olden times. God exists. Existed since before. That’s why, when a person dies among Kachin people, the soul belongs to God. Yeah like that. When it comes to religions, we also need to think about it seriously. For every human being, there are heaven and hell. What does it mean? Is it heat? It is the same in East and West. Japan has it too. Japanese are the clans of kings, who were thought to be clans of the sun. However, kings are like God. That’s why, Chinese, Japanese and Korean regard highly of life after death. They regard very highly of their ancestors’ souls. Kachin people regard highly of souls too. But, souls don’t belong to Nat spirits but God. Chinese people are not on the same level with Kachin when it comes to the concept about Nat. Even though Chinese people do not have a religion, they pray to the sky Nat, they call upon the sky Nat. So, they must worship something. For Japanese, when we talk about the king, everything is done. And, among Kachin people this is about worshiping the Nat spirit. Generally what you need to know is that Kachin have various Nats, they are tribes with many Nats spirits. Then, there are two types namely "Shawa nat", or common spirits, belonging to many. And for personal, for one’s own family, there is "Natgun” guardian spirit. In the common spirits, there are "Mu nat" thunder spirit, "Nbung nat" wind spirit, "Madai nat" that dances Manau dance, and "Jahtung nat". And then, in "Kumgun" guardian spirits on earth, there are "Sawn spirit", "Sapawt spirit". These are the personal guardian spirits on earth. They are the guardian spirits. And, in worshiping Nats, "Ntsa nats" spirits from above are given special consideration. Materials such as bamboo strings, leaves, dry fish they use when offering sacrifice to Nat spirits need to be very clean. When they worship spirit from above, they give special consideration. This is about "Nat" spirts. This is a summary on "Nats" spirits. Transcription (by Ja Seng Roi) Nat, ntsa lam gaw hpan lahkawng re. "nat gun, shawa nat" shawa nat, shawa nat ngu ai gaw yawng jaw ai. Ndai shawa nat hta gaw hpa lawm ai i, ngu yang, Mu nat lawm ai. Nbung nat lawm ai. Wan nat lawm ai. Madai nat lawm ai. Sawn nat lawm ai. Jahtung nat lawm ai. Sahka nat lawm ai. Nampum lawm ai. Lamun lawm ai. Sapawt lawm ai. Sha wa nat. Ndai kaw nang jaw mayu ai kadai ratim jaw ai. Reng she ndai shawa nat kaw bai lahkawng nga ai yaw. Ntsa nat hte ga nat ngu ai nga ai. Ntsa nat hte ga nat. Ntsa nat ngu ai hta gaw Mu lawm ai. Nbung lawm ai. Sinla ngu ai lawm ai. Ndawn nat ngu ai lawm ai yaw. Ntsa nat. Reng she, ga nat ngu ai kaw sawn nat e, lamun nat. Ndai jahtung gaw ntsa de lawm, ga de mung lawm re da yaw. Jahtung nat gaw. Ndai mu hte mung jinghku re da. Ntsa de mung lawm ai. Ga de mung lawm ai. Dai kaw na ndai sawn nata ni, Lamun nat ni, ndai ni gaw ga nat. Dai gaw shawa nat rai sa. Ndai shawa nat. Yawng jaw ai. Reng Kumgun nat ngu ai gaw ndai kaw n hkrum ai. Lahtaw na mung, tat tat re. Lahpai na mung tat tat re. Mi kaji kawoi nat tai re nmu i. Anhte magawng ni na mung tat tat, tat tat. Re, re nta htinggaw ngai kaw ndai kumgun nat ngu wa "shi" lu ai mung nga ai yaw. kru lu ai mung nga ai. Ma-nga lu ai mung nga ai. Mali lu ai mung nga ai. Lahkawng sha lu ai ma nga ai. Anhte gaw mali lu ai. Moi jiwoi ni mali lu ai. Reng ndai ni na ming yawng jaw da. Mying jaw da. Reng she ndai e, kumgun nat chingnang e, kopai nat kaw mung hpan lahkawng nga ai. Nhtawt daw ai, Kumgun shatai ai ngu ai wa hpe gaw nta kata kaw natsin galaw ya ai. Dan rai nhtawt garai n daw ai, nat sha re ai ngu ni hpe gaw le ndaw de tawn da ai. Nat hpan hkawng garan da ai. Kumgun ngu ni gaw. Reng she ndai nat ni na gara hku myit la i, nga yang she ndai hpa n myit jaw jaw ai ni gaw dai hku sha jaw ai. Raitim, atsawm myit yu ni myit ai shaloi gaw Nat ngu ai gaw hkrum hkrang hpe sha makawp maga lu ai. Masha si mat ai hpang wenyi tune bar ma ma seng daw bu. garai n si yang Shi gaw jahteng sharun chye ai. Makawp maga chye ai. Sut jaw chye ai. Gadai ma n nga lu ai. Jahten sharun chye ai. Makawp maga ai. Sutgan jaw chye ai. Ndai, dagaw masum lu ai ngu hku sawn la ai re lu. Dai kaw yawng mu nat ni yawng le i. Kumgun nat ni mung. Si wa hpang gaw shanhte ma bama matat naing bu ngu ai rai ma lu. Wenyi bai gaw. Tu daw ma pai daw bu. Ndai kaw hkan da. Dai hku, teawri dai majaw ya na Ishare ni htan grau tsaw ai law. grau tsaw ai. Ya Ishare ni gaw, ya tsun ga le, Ishare ni gaw mana maka ya kung ai nga tim, moi shanhte kaji kawoi ni Sha-gu hkung ga san Karai hpe naw ai wa Jinghpaw ni gaw htaw Karai ngu moi kawn na chye Karai ngu shanhte chye Karai gaw hpa n ra ai. Masha nang kaw na dingman ai, dinghpring ai myit masin sha ra ai. Hpa ma n jaw ai. Ya Ishare ni gaw masha pi sat jaw ai gaw moi BC prat hta. Dai majaw dai ni Jinghpaw ni hte Ishare ni atwe ahkaw nga yang, Jinghpaw ni grau tsaw moi na. Karai ngu htaw nga ai. Moi kawn nga ai. Re majaw, Jinghpaw ni na gaw masha ngai si mat jang wenyi gaw htaw Karai hte seng sai. Dai kaw e, E, an ma grai myit yu ra ai law. Ndai bada ye ngu ai. Shinggyim masha sha-gu hta ngarai hte nekban ngu ai nga yaw, myen hku na le. Hewen hte ndai hpa nga kun, hit la. Ndai nga ai. Ding dung, ding yang re. Japan hta mung nga ai. Japan ni gaw Hkawhkam ni a she na amyu re le. Raitim, dai Karai hku rai nga. Re majaw, si ai hpang na hpe grai shareng ai gaw Miwa, Japan, Kawriya ni gaw. Htaw kaji kawoi wenyi hpe grai shareng ai. Jinghpaw ni mung shareng ai. Raitim, nat hte n pai sai. Htaw Karai hte, Miwa rai jang, Jinghpaw ayu asa hpe n dep ai. Miwa ni barda ye n nga ai nga tim, Kawng kyin nat e, Kawng kyin nat e she nga ai gaw Miwa ni tahku hku daw kawkwoi de. Japan ni chyawm gaw Hkawhkam wa hpe nga jang ngut sai. Rai na, ndai e, Jinghpaw ni na nat jaw ai ngu, dai hku rai sai. Rai na ya ntsaw lam sara nang chye ra ai lam gaw Jinghpaw ni nat grai law ai amyu re. Nat grai law ai amyu. Dai kaw na she lahkawng re ai. Shawa nat. Amya ne seng de shawa nat. Tinang e na, tinang dinghku ngai nat gun, ndai nga ai. Shawa nat ngu ai hta, Mu nat, Nbung nat, Madai nat le, manau galaw ai madai nat. Jahtung nat lawm ai. Rai na ndai. e, kumgun ga nat te gaw, Sawn, Sapawt, dai kapai kumgun ga nat ni, ndai ni rai malu. Rai na, nat jaw ai shaloi mung ndai ntsa nat ngu ai ni hpe gaw grau shareng ai. lang ai pali ni, lahpaw ni lang ai nga jahkraw ni grai san seng ra. Ndai ntsa nat hpe jaw ai gaw. Grai shareng ai rai malu. Nat gaw dai hku rai malu. Nat e na dai ram re. Achyin chuk gaw. . Language as given: Jinghpaw

（译者：Mike Tu Awng）谈及"纳特（Nat，景颇族传统神灵）"，一般可分为两类："纳特贡（Natgun，守护灵）"与"沙瓦纳特（Shawa nat，普通神灵）"。所有民众皆敬拜"沙瓦纳特"或称普通神灵。普通神灵包含哪些类别？其中包括雷神"穆纳特（Mu nat）"、风神"恩邦纳特（Nbung nat）"、火神"万纳特（Wan nat）"以及"马达伊纳特（Madai nat）"。此外，"桑纳特（Sawn nat）"、"贾通纳特（Jahtung nat）"、"萨卡纳特（Sahka nat）"、"南普纳特（Nampum nat）"、"拉 Mun纳特（Lamun nats）"与"萨波特纳特（Sapawt nats）"亦归入普通神灵之列。任何人皆可敬拜此类神灵。进一步而言，"沙瓦纳特"或称普通神灵又可分为两类：天界神灵与凡间神灵。天界神灵中包含雷神与风神，其中"辛拉（Shinla）"与"恩当（Ndawn）"神灵亦属此类。而凡间神灵则包含"桑纳特（Sawn nat）"与"拉 Mun纳特（Lamun nat）"。"贾通纳特（Jahtung nat）"或称邪灵，同时归属天界与凡间两类神灵。贾通纳特乃是雷神的亲缘神灵，同时存在于天界与凡间。桑纳特与拉 Mun纳特均为凡间神灵，任何人皆可敬拜此类普通神灵。但"纳特贡（Natgun，守护灵）"不在此列，拉浩族（Lahtaw clan）拥有专属的守护灵，拉帕族（Lahpai clan）亦有各自的守护灵。先民世代皆以纳特为神灵。我们玛贡族（Magawng clan）同样拥有专属的守护灵。一个家族的守护灵（Kumgun nat）数量各有不同：有的家族拥有十位守护灵，有的六位，有的五位，有的四位，亦有的仅两位。我们家族拥有四位守护灵，先祖亦为四位守护灵，且均各有定名。守护灵（Kumgun nat）亦可分为两类：其一为"恩陶道艾（Nhtawt daw ai）"，意为将纳特神灵设为家族守护灵，会在住宅内专门划定区域供奉此类神灵；其二为无专属供奉地的普通神灵，需安置于住宅之外。我们当如何认知此类神灵？对于浅思者而言，仅将其视作寻常事物加以敬拜即可；但对于认真对待纳特信仰者而言，他们认为纳特仅能护佑肉身。人死后，其灵魂与纳特神灵再无关联。人在世时，纳特既可毁灭亦可护佑其人，亦可为世人赐予财富。当纳特降灾时无人可挡，而其亦可护佑世人、赐予财富，故而人们认为纳特拥有三种力量：降灾、护佑与赐福。所有雷神（Mu nat）与守护灵皆属此类。传说人死后，纳特神灵亦无法再行使任何力量，逝者灵魂不再拥有肉身。彼时的哲学理念甚至优于以色列人的相关理论，境界更高。谈及以色列：即便如今以色列极为发达，其先民也曾以羔羊献祭其神。景颇族早在彼时便已认知真神。我们景颇族所认知的真神，除了正直与诚实之心外，并不索求任何供奉，无需献祭。早在公元前，以色列人甚至以活人献祭。正因如此，景颇族古时的哲学境界高于以色列人。真神存在，且自古便存在。正因如此，景颇族人死后，其灵魂归于真神。谈及宗教，我们亦当认真思索：每一个人类都有天堂与地狱之说，此说何意？是否关乎热力？东西方皆有此说，日本亦然。日本人乃是天照大神后裔，天皇被视作神之化身。正因如此，中、日、韩三国皆极为重视死后世界与先祖灵魂。景颇族同样重视灵魂，但灵魂并不归属纳特神灵，而是归于真神。在纳特信仰的认知层面，中国人与景颇族并不相同：即便中国人无特定宗教信仰，他们亦会向天纳特祈祷，呼唤天纳特，故而他们必有敬拜之物。对日本人而言，天皇即为一切的核心。而在景颇族中，此核心则为敬拜纳特神灵。总体而言，景颇族拥有诸多纳特神灵，乃是信奉众多神灵的族群。其中，普通神灵（Shawa nat）数量繁多，而家族专属的守护灵（Natgun/Kumgun nat）则为个人/家族所有。普通神灵包含雷神穆纳特、风神恩邦纳特、跳目瑙纵歌的马达伊纳特与贾通纳特。而凡间守护灵（Kumgun nat）则包含桑纳特与萨波特纳特，此二者即为家族专属的凡间守护灵。在敬拜纳特神灵时，天界纳特（Ntsa nats）需获得特殊对待。敬拜纳特所用的竹绳、树叶、干鱼等供品必须极为洁净。敬拜天界纳特时，尤需如此。以上便是关于纳特神灵的概述。（转写译者：Ja Seng Roi）纳特，天界与凡间的神灵皆涵盖其中。"纳特贡、沙瓦纳特"，沙瓦纳特即为普通民众所敬拜的神灵。此沙瓦纳特所包含的神灵有：穆纳特、恩邦纳特、万纳特、马达伊纳特、桑纳特、贾通纳特、萨卡纳特、南普纳特、拉 Mun纳特、萨波特纳特，此即为沙瓦纳特。任何人皆可敬拜此类神灵，此为其普遍意义。进一步而言，沙瓦纳特可分为天界神灵与凡间神灵。天界神灵包含穆纳特、恩邦纳特、辛拉、恩当等神灵，此即为天界纳特。而凡间神灵则为桑纳特、拉 Mun纳特。贾通纳特同时归属天界与凡间，贾通纳特乃是雷神的亲缘神灵，既存在于天界，亦存在于凡间。桑纳特与拉 Mun纳特均为凡间神灵，此即为沙瓦纳特。守护灵（Kumgun nat）不在普通神灵之列。拉浩族拥有专属守护灵，拉帕族亦有各自的守护灵。玛贡族同样拥有专属守护灵：有的家族拥有十位守护灵，有的六位，有的五位，有的四位，亦有的仅两位。我们家族拥有四位守护灵，先祖亦为四位守护灵，且均各有定名。守护灵亦可分为两类：其一为恩陶道艾，即将纳特设为家族守护灵，会在住宅内专门划定区域供奉；其二为无专属供奉地的普通神灵，需安置于住宅之外。我们当如何认知此类神灵？对于浅思者而言，仅将其视作寻常事物加以敬拜即可；但对于认真对待纳特信仰者而言，他们认为纳特仅能护佑肉身。人死后，其灵魂与纳特神灵再无关联。人在世时，纳特既可毁灭亦可护佑其人，亦可为世人赐予财富。当纳特降灾时无人可挡，而其亦可护佑世人、赐予财富，故而人们认为纳特拥有三种力量：降灾、护佑与赐福。所有雷神与守护灵皆属此类。传说人死后，纳特神灵亦无法再行使任何力量，逝者灵魂不再拥有肉身。彼时的哲学理念甚至优于以色列人的相关理论，境界更高。谈及以色列：即便如今以色列极为发达，其先民也曾以羔羊献祭其神。景颇族早在彼时便已认知真神。我们景颇族所认知的真神，除了正直与诚实之心外，并不索求任何供奉，无需献祭。早在公元前，以色列人甚至以活人献祭。正因如此，景颇族古时的哲学境界高于以色列人。真神存在，且自古便存在。正因如此，景颇族人死后，其灵魂归于真神。谈及宗教，我们亦当认真思索：每一个人类都有天堂与地狱之说，此说何意？是否关乎热力？东西方皆有此说，日本亦然。日本人乃是天照大神后裔，天皇被视作神之化身。正因如此，中、日、韩三国皆极为重视死后世界与先祖灵魂。景颇族同样重视灵魂，但灵魂并不归属纳特神灵，而是归于真神。在纳特信仰的认知层面，中国人与景颇族并不相同：即便中国人无特定宗教信仰，他们亦会向天纳特祈祷，呼唤天纳特，故而他们必有敬拜之物。对日本人而言，天皇即为一切的核心。而在景颇族中，此核心则为敬拜纳特神灵。总体而言，景颇族拥有诸多纳特神灵，乃是信奉众多神灵的族群。其中，普通神灵（Shawa nat）数量繁多，而家族专属的守护灵则为个人/家族所有。普通神灵包含雷神穆纳特、风神恩邦纳特、跳目瑙纵歌的马达伊纳特与贾通纳特。而凡间守护灵则包含桑纳特与萨波特纳特，此二者即为家族专属的凡间守护灵。在敬拜纳特神灵时，天界纳特需获得特殊对待。敬拜纳特所用的竹绳、树叶、干鱼等供品必须极为洁净。敬拜天界纳特时，尤需如此。以上便是关于纳特神灵的概述。原文语言：景颇语