来自鹿茸干细胞的外泌体缓解间充质干细胞衰老和骨关节炎

干细胞疗法在治疗各种与年龄有关的疾病方面具有巨大而革命性的前景，如糖尿病、心力衰竭和帕金森病。然而，部分由于免疫排斥反应，递送干细胞的低保留率和存活率构成了干细胞治疗临床实施的主要障碍（Lei 等人，2021a）。由于越来越多的证据表明，几种类型的干细胞主要通过分泌旁分泌效应发挥其治疗作用，因此由干细胞释放并执行大多数旁分泌功能的外泌体已开始引起该领域的关注（Tran和Damaser，2015）。外泌体是由细胞分泌的平均直径为~100纳米的膜封闭囊泡，含有细胞因子，生长因子，信号脂质，mRNA和用于细胞间通讯的调节miRNA。与移植干细胞相比，外泌体由于其无细胞特性而更安全。因此，基于外泌体的治疗可以作为人类疾病的有前途的治疗策略。然而，外泌体的大小、内容和活性高度异质，主要反映了它们的各种细胞类型的起源（Kalluri 和 LeBleu，2020 年）。这些差异随后可能会影响外泌体的治疗效果。因此，可以不断扩大以产生大量和高效力的外泌体的细胞源将极大地促进基于外泌体的治疗策略的发展。

Stem cell therapy holds tremendous, revolutionary potential for treating various age-related diseases such as diabetes, heart failure, and Parkinson’s disease. However, low retention rate and survival rate of delivered stem cells, partially attributed to immune rejection, constitute a major barrier to the clinical implementation of stem cell therapies (Lei et al., 2021a). As growing evidence demonstrates that multiple types of stem cells primarily exert their therapeutic effects via secreted paracrine factors, exosomes released by stem cells and performing most of their paracrine functions have garnered increasing attention in this field (Tran & Damaser, 2015). Exosomes are cell-secreted membrane-enclosed vesicles with an average diameter of ~100 nanometers, containing cytokines, growth factors, signaling lipids, mRNAs, and regulatory miRNAs for intercellular communication. Compared with transplanted stem cells, exosomes are safer due to their cell-free nature. Accordingly, exosome-based therapeutics represent a promising therapeutic strategy for human diseases. However, the size, content, and activity of exosomes are highly heterogeneous, which primarily reflects their diverse cellular origins (Kalluri & LeBleu, 2020). These differences may subsequently undermine the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes. Therefore, cell sources that can be continuously expanded to produce large quantities of high-potency exosomes would greatly accelerate the development of exosome-based therapeutic strategies.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集研究了鹿茸干细胞外泌体在缓解间充质干细胞衰老和骨关节炎中的作用，包含34个RNA测序样本，数据总量为29.22 GB。数据集提供了外泌体治疗组和PBS对照组的测序数据，为研究干细胞治疗和细胞衰老提供了重要资源。