TABLE 3 in Two new species of Leptobrachella Smith 1925 (Amphibia: Megophryidae) from Cao Bang Province, Vietnam

TABLE 3. Selected diagnostic characters for the species in the genus Leptobrachella occurring north of the Isthmus of Kra (modified from Rowley et al. 2017; Yuan et al. 2017; Nguyen et al. 2018; Wang et al. 2018; Hoang et al. 2019).
SpeciesMale SVL (mm)Female SVL (mm)Black spots on flanksBicolored irisDistinct dorsolateral markingsToes webbingFringes on toesVentral colorationDorsal skin textureReference1Leptobrachella phiaoacensis sp. nov.27.8–33.331.5–41.8YesYesNoRudimentaryNarrowBelly from pinkish white to white with dark brown specking on belly peripheryShagreened with fine tubercles, denser in posterior part of the backThis study2Leptobrachella phiadenensis sp. nov.NR27.6–28.6YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowCreamy white with brown dusting on marginsRough with warts, tubercles and dermal ridgesThis study3L. aerea25.1–28.927.1–38.6NoNoNoRudimentaryWideNear immaculate creamy white, brown specking on marginsFinely tuberculateRowley et al. 2010b4L. alpina24.0–26.431.7–32.5YesNoYesRudimentaryWide in malesCreamy-white with dark spotsRelatively smooth, some with small wartsFei et al. 19915L. applebyi19.6–22.321.7YesNoYesRudimentaryNoReddish brown with white speckingSmoothRowley & Cao, 20096L. ardens21.3–24.725.4YesNoYesNoNoReddish brown with white speckingSmooth- finely shagreenedRowley et al. 20167L. aspera22.425.0–26.4YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowCreamy white with distinct dark spotsRough with dense conical granules, tubercles, and dermal ridgesWang et al. 20208L. bashaensis22.9–25.627.1YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowOff-white with dark spotsShagreened with small tuberclesLyu et al. 20209L. bidoupensis18.5–25.429.2–29.4YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowReddish brown with white speckingSmoothRowley et al. 201110L. bijie29.9–30.4NRYesNRYesRudimentaryNarrowWhite with distinct nebulous greyish speckingShagreened and granular with short longitudinal dermal ridgesWang et al. 201911L. botsfordi29.1–32.630.0–31.8NoNoYesRudimentaryNarrowReddish brown with white speckingShagreenedRowley et al. 201312L. bourreti28.0–36.239.5–45.0YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowCreamy whiteRelatively smooth, some with small wartsOhler et al. 201113L. chishuiensis30.8–33.434.2YesNRNoRudimentaryNarrowWhite with grey specking on marginsShagreened and granularLi et al. 202014L. crocea22.2–27.3NRNoNoNoRudimentaryNoBright orangeHighly tuberculateRowley et al. 2010c15L. damingshanensis33.6-34.4NRYesYesNoRudimentaryNarrowCreamy white with smallRough with small, raised tubercles and ridgesChen et al. 202116L. dong29.2–32.034.4–43.1YesYesYesRudimentaryWideWhite with distinct nebulous brown specking on ventrolateral flanksShagreened with fine tuberclesLiu et al. 202317L. dorsospina28.7–30.532.1–39.8YesYesNoRudimentaryNarrowGreyish white with dark spotsRough with dense conical granules, tubercles, dermal ridges, and conical spinesWang et al. 202018L. eos33.1–34.740.7NoYesNoRudimentaryWideCreamy whiteShagreenedOhler et al. 201119L. feii21.51– 22.7525.7YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowCreamy white with black blotchesShagreened with small tuberclesChen et al. 202020L. firthi26.4–29.225.7–36.9NoVariableNoRudimentaryWide in malesCreamy whiteShagreened with fine tuberclesRowley et al. 201221L. flaviglandulosa23.0–27.029.3YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowBelly creamy white with dark brown dusting along the marginsShagreened with yellowish brown tuberclesChen et al. 202022L. fuliginosa28.2–30.0NRYesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowWhite with brown dustingNearly smooth, few tuberclesMatsui, 200623L. graminicola23.1–24.628.6–32.9VariableYesYesRudimentaryWideWhite with very dark blackish brown spotsSmooth, with many tubercles and lacking dermal ridgesNguyen et al. 202124L. isos23.7–27.928.6–31.5NoYesNoRudimentaryWide in malesCreamy white with white dusting on marginsMostly smooth, females more tuberculateRowley et al. 2015 b25L. jinshaensis29.7–31.2NRYesYesYesNoNarrowBelly cream yellow with purple speckingShagreened, some of the granules forming longitudinal short skin ridgesCheng et al. 202126L. kalonensis25.8–30.628.9–30.6YesYesYesNoNoPale, speckled brownSmoothRowley et al. 201627L. khasiorum24.5–27.331.2–33.4YesYesYesRudimentaryWideCreamy whiteIsolated, scattered tuberclesDas et al. 201028L. lateralis26.9–28.336.6YesNRYesRudimentaryNoCreamy whiteRoughly granularAnderson, 1871; Humtsoe et al. 200829L. laui24.8–26.728.1YesNoYesRudimentaryWideCreamy white with dark brown dusting on marginsRound granular tuberclesSung et al. 201430L. liui23.0–28.724.5–27.8YesNoYesRudimentaryWideCreamy white with dark brown spots on chest and marginsRound granular tubercles with glandular foldsFei et al. 199131L. macrops28.0–29.330.3YesYesNoRudimentaryNoGreyish-violet with white speckingRoughly granular with larger tuberclesDuong et al. 201832L. maculosa24.2–26.627YesYesYesNoNoBrown, less white speckingMostly smoothRowley et al. 201633L. mangshanensis22.2–27.830.2YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowReddish brown with white speckingNearly smooth, scattered tuberclesHou et al. 201834L. maoershanensis25.2–30.429.1YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowCreamy white with irregular black spotsShagreened with small tubercles and longitudinal ridgesYuan et al. 201735L. melanoleuca26.6–28.832.7YesYesYesRudimentaryNoLarge black spots on a white backgroundSkin nearly smooth, scattered with small tuberclesMatsui, 200636L. melica19.5–22.7NRYesNoYesRudimentaryNoReddish brown with white speckingSmoothRowley et al. 2010a37L. minima25.7–31.431.6–37.3YesYesYesRudimentaryNoCreamy whiteSmoothOhler et al. 2011; Taylor, 196238L. murphyi23.2–24.929.3–32.1YesYesYesRudimentaryWideCreamy-white belly with small black spots on the marginShagreened with reddish tubercles and foldsChen et al. 202139L. nahangensis40.8NRYesNoYesRudimentaryNoCreamy white with light specking on throat and chestSmooth, with small pustules and minute tubercles uniformly distributedLathrop et al. 199840L. namdongensis30.932.1–35.3YesYesNoRudimentaryNoCreamy white with brown dusting on marginsFinely tuberculateHoang et al. 201941L. neangiNR35.4–36.3YesNoYesRudimentaryNoBelly transparent, immaculate purplish grey in lifeDorsal skin with small irregular bumps and ridgesStuart & Rowley 202042L. niveumontis22.5–23.628.5–28.7YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowBlack and bluish-white marblingRelatively smooth with small tuberclesChen et al. 202043L. nokrekensis26.0–33.034.0–35.0YesYesYesRudimentaryCreamy whiteTubercles and longitudinal foldsMathew & Sen, 201044L. nyx26.7–32.637.0–41.0YesUnknownYesRudimentaryNoCreamy white with white with brown marginsRounded tuberclesOhler et al. 201145L. oshanensis26.5–30.528.8–32.6YesYesYesNoNoWhitish with no markings or only small, light grey spotsSmooth with few glandular ridgesLiu, 1950; Fei et al. 2009, 2012; Shi et al. 202146L. pallida24.5–27.7NRYesYesNoNoNoReddish brown with white speckingTuberculateRowley et al. 201647L. pelodytoides27.5–32.3NRYesUnknownYesWideNarrowWhitishSmall, smooth wartsBoulenger, 1893; Ohler et al. 201148L. petrops23.6–27.630.3–47.0YesYesNoNoNarrowImmaculate creamy whiteHighly tuberculateRowley et al. 2017a49L. pluvialis21.3–22.325.5–33.5YesYesYesRudimentaryNoDirty white with dark brown marblingSmooth, flattened tubercles on flanksOhler et al. 200050L. puhoatensis24.2–28.127.3–31.5YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowReddish brown with white dustingLongitudinal skin ridgesRowley et al. 2017b51L. purpuraventra27.3–29.833.0–35.3YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowGreyish white with nebulous dark speckingShagreened and granular with dermal ridgesWang et al. 201952L. purpura25.7–27.5NRYesYesYesRudimentaryWideDull white with indistinct grey dusting to dull greyShagreened with small tuberclesYang et al. 201853L. pyrrhops30.8–34.330.8–34.3YesYesYesRudimentaryNoReddish brown with white speckingSlightly shagreenedPoyarkov et al. 201554L. rowleyae23.4–25.427.0–27.8YesYesNoRudimentaryNoPinkish milk-white with dense whitish specking evenly scattered on entire ventral surfacemostly smooth with numerous tiny tubercles and pustules finelyNguyen et al. 201855L. shangsiensis24.9–29.430.8–35.9YesYesNoRudimentaryNarrowYellowish creamy-whiteMostly smooth with numerous tiny tuberclesChen et al. 201956L. shimentaina26.4–28.930.1–30.7YesYesYesRudimentaryWideGrayish pink with distinct hazy brown speckingShagreened and granularWang et al. 202257L.24.3–29.732.3YesYesNoNoNoCreamy white with brown spots on lateral marginShagreened with small tubercles and ridgesChen et al. 2021; Lo et al. 202258L. suiyangensis28.7–29.730.5–33.5YesYesNoRudimentaryNarrowYellowish creamy-white with brown speckingShagreened with small granulesLuo et al. 202059L. sungi48.3–52.756.7–58.9No or smallNoYesWideNarrowWhiteGranularLathrop et al. 199860L. tadungensis23.3–28.232.1YesNoYesNoNoReddish brown with white speckingSmoothRowley et al. 201661L. tamdil32.332.3YesYesYesWideWideWhiteWeakly tuberculateSengupta et al. 201062L. tengchongensis23.9–26.028.8–28.9YesNoYesRudimentaryNarrowWhite with dark brown blotchesShagreened with small tuberclesYang et al. 201663L. tuberosa24.4–29.530.2NoNoNoRudimentaryNoWhite with small grey spots/streaksHighly tuberculateInger et al. 1999; Rowley et al. 2010c64L. ventripunctata25.5–28.031.5–35.0YesYesYesRudimentaryNoChest and belly with dark brown spotsLongitudinal skin ridgesFei et al. 1991, 2009, 201265L. verrucosa23.2–25.9NRNoYesYesRudimentaryNarrowCreamy white with distinct grayish white and dark brown spotsShagreened with numerous conical tuberclesLin et al. 202266L. wuhuangmontis25.6–30.033.0–36.0YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowGreyish white mixed by tiny white and black dotsRough, scattered with dense conical tuberclesWang et al. 201867L. wulingensis24.5–32.829.9–38.5YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowCreamy white but translucent with greyish- pink skin colorShagreened with sparse large warts, sometimes with longitudinal dermal ridgesQian et al. 202068L. yeae25.8–31.233.7–34.1YesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowCream white with brown specking on sides and upper abdomenRelatively smooth with tiny granulesShi et al. 202169L. yingjiangensis25.7–27.6NRYesYesYesRudimentaryWideCreamy white with dark brown flecks on marginShagreened with small tuberclesYang et al. 201870L. yunkaiensis25.9–29.334.0–35.3YesYesNoRudimentaryWideBelly pinkish with distinct or indistinct speckingShagreened with fine tubercles and short skin ridgesWang et al. 201871L. yunyangensis28.3–30.6NRYesYesYesRudimentaryNarrowGreyish white with purple- brown speckingSkin rough, with sparse large granules and tuberclesLuo et al. 202272L. zhangyapingi45.8–52.5NoYesWeakRudimentaryWideCreamy-white with white with brown marginsMostly smooth with distinct tuberclesJiang et al. 2013
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