Effects of Kumkuma Nasya on Ardhavbhedaka Rog

Medicine when administered through the nose is called ‘Nasya’. Nose is the gateway of head and as such drug administered by this route pervades the head and thus destroys the disorders there of. Kumkuma (Saffron), Goghruta (Cow’s Ghee), Sharkara (Sugar Candy) and Godugdhda (Cow’s Milk) are the ingredients of Kumkuma Nasya formulation. Disorders of Vata - Rakta, Ruja or Shula (pain) present in Bhru, Shankha, Akshi, Shir, Karna, Suryavarta and Ardhavabhedaka can be cured by Kumkuma Nasya as said by Acharya Sharagdhara. Patients having such diseases want to get immediate relief in their Lakshana Shula (pain) is the fact and it is observed that in all available medicinal therapy Kumkuma Nasya is effective for cure, therefore need of better treatment this work was carried out. These diseases are not serious or life threatening but loses concentration and affects deeply on working hours of an individual which indeed contributes personal and national loss. Hence such diseases have required detailed study. In Shiroroga samanya samprapti due to hetu, dosha like vata etc. get aggravated and resulting in the vitiation of raktadhatu in the head region. This causes diseases with various symptoms in the head region4. In modern medicine ‘Migraine’ disease is described which is similar to ‘Ardhavabhedaka Roga’. In attacks of migraine caused extracranial vasodilatation and these neurologic symptoms are produced by intracranial vasoconstriction. Nasal instillation of this Kumkuma Nasya for few days relieves the person of agony of the said diseases is the Ayurvedika claim. It is purpose of present research work to find out whether Ayuvedika claims are justified. However there is much study on the pharmacological activity and clinical effectiveness of saffron (Simon J.E, A.E Chadwick and L.E.Craker. 1984. The scientific literature on selected herbs and aromatic and medicinal plants of the temperate zone. Archon books, 770pp, Handen ct), but planned and detailed study is not done on Kumkuma Nasya is the lacuna; hence the present research study was under taken. S. Sathye et al 1969 devised measurements of Caloric values as criteria for assessment of pain. For assessment of pain we have used the same model in this work, as this model was suitable and conclusive for assessment of ‘Vatavrudhdi ’. AIM : To assess the efficacy of Kumkuma Nasya in Ardhavabhedaka roga. OBJECTIVES : 1.Reduction in signs and symptoms of Ardhavabhedaka Roga viz- Ativedana of Manya, Bhru, Shankha, Karna, Akshi, Ardhalalat. 2. Change in caloric values which are below normal level such as Basal pulse rate, Systolic blood pressure, Body weight, Hb %, Total plasma protein level, Total plasma albumin level, Cholesterol level, ECG height of ‘R’ in lead I and II.

经鼻腔给药的药物称为鼻疗法（Nasya）。鼻腔作为头部的门户，经此途径给药的药物可弥散至头部各处，从而消除头部相关病症。姜黄（Kumkuma，藏红花）、牛酥（Goghruta，牛酥油）、蔗糖（Sharkara，冰糖）与牛乳（Godugdhda，牛奶）为姜黄鼻疗制剂的组方成分。据阿查里亚·沙拉格拉（Acharya Sharagdhara）所述，存在于眉部（Bhru）、颞部（Shankha）、眼部（Akshi）、头部（Shir）、耳部（Karna）、太阳经脉区（Suryavarta）与半侧头痛区（Ardhavabhedaka）的风-血热（Vata - Rakta）病症、疼痛（Ruja或Shula），均可通过姜黄鼻疗治愈。
罹患此类病症的患者迫切渴求疼痛症状（Lakshana Shula）的快速缓解，而现有各类药物疗法中，姜黄鼻疗均展现出确切的治疗效果。鉴于此，为开发更优质的治疗方案，本研究得以开展。此类病症虽非危重或致命性疾病，但会导致患者注意力减退，严重影响个体的工作效能，进而造成个人与国家层面的双重损失。因此，对这类疾病开展系统性深入研究实属必要。
在一般性头部疾病（Shiroroga samanya samprapti）的发病过程中，由于致病因素的作用，风（Vata）等体液（dosha）会失衡亢盛，进而导致头部区域的血质（raktadhatu）受损，最终引发头部出现多种症状的疾病4。现代医学中描述的偏头痛（Migraine）病症，与阿育吠陀体系中的半侧头痛（Ardhavabhedaka Roga）极为相似。偏头痛发作时会伴随颅外血管扩张，而颅内血管收缩则是引发上述神经症状的原因。
阿育吠陀理论称，连续数日经鼻腔给予姜黄鼻疗，可缓解此类病症带来的痛苦。本研究的核心目的即验证该阿育吠陀主张是否合理。目前已有大量关于藏红花药理活性与临床疗效的研究（Simon J.E、A.E Chadwick与L.E.Craker，1984。《温带地区精选草药、芳香植物与药用植物科学文献》，Archon Books，770页，Handen ct），但针对姜黄鼻疗的计划性深入研究仍存在空白，这也是本研究开展的动因。
S. Sathye等人于1969年提出以热量值作为疼痛评估的标准。本研究采用该模型开展疼痛评估，因其适配风邪亢盛（Vatavrudhdi）病症的评估需求且结论可靠。
【研究目的】评估姜黄鼻疗对半侧头痛（Ardhavabhedaka roga）的临床疗效。
【研究目标】1. 减轻半侧头痛（Ardhavabhedaka Roga）的体征与症状，具体包括项部（Manya）、眉部、颞部、耳部、眼部、半侧前额部的剧烈疼痛。2. 改善多项低于正常水平的生理指标，包括基础脉搏率、收缩压、体重、血红蛋白（Hb）百分比、血浆总蛋白水平、血浆总白蛋白水平、胆固醇水平，以及导联I与导联II中心电图（ECG）的R波振幅。