TABLE 2 in Confirming a new species of Amalthea D'Archino & W. A. Nelson (Halymeniales, Rhodophyta) from the mesophotic zone of Hawai'i through taxogenomics

TABLE 2. — Taxonomic characteristics comparison of Amalthea mahilanii F.P.Cabrera & A.R.Sherwood, sp. nov. and other Amalthea species. Amalthea freemaniae D’Archino et W.A.NelsonAmalthea rubida H.W.Lee et M.S.KimAmalthea mahilanii F.C.Cabrera et A.R.Sherwood, sp. nov.Type localityKarikari Bay, North Island, New ZealandUdo, Jeju, KoreaPenguin Banks, Main Hawaiian IslandsEcologySubtidal between 5-30 m depth, attached to small cobbles, shells, or rhodolithsSubtidal habitats at depths of 15-20 m, attached to rhodoliths or pebbles on sandy bottomsmesophotic 90-107 m, attached to rhodoliths or pebbles on sandy bottomsThallusFoliose, usually undivided, longer than wide; 330-410 μm thick in the basal part and 230-270 μm in the apical partFoliose, solitary, usually entire, rounded or obtusely ellipsoid in large; 350-380 μm thick in the basal part and 290-320 μm in the apical partFoliose, solitary, usually entire, rounded or obtusely ellipsoid when mature; 280-440 μm thickStipePresent, cuneatePresent (inconspicuous), short and compressed, obtusely cuneatePresent (inconspicuous), narrowcuneateMarginMostly entire or wavy when matureEntire or slightly wavy when matureEntire or slightly wavy when matureColorPale red to light pink, lightly mottled on the surfacePale reddish brown to redChestnut red to dark mauve when live and dries to a mauve to a taffy pinkLength (cm)About 40 (up to 70)5-15 (up to 35)About 50Width (cm)25-355-10 (up to 20)3-25TextureSoft but not slimySoft, slick and quite gelatinousFirm and leatherySurface viewOval outline, not compactedRoundish, not compactedRoundish, not compactedVegetative structureDifferent between basal and distal regions of thallusDifferent between basal and distal regions of thallusUniform from basal to distal regions of thallusCortex9-10 layers of ovoid cortical cellsSubcortex1-2 layers of subcortical cells, stellate cells forming loose network parallel to the surface1-2 layers with stellate cells forming a network parallel to the surface4-8 layers with stellate cells forming a network parallel to the surfaceMedullaLoosely arranged anticlinal filamentsLoosely arranged anticlinal filaments with medullary stellate cellsDensely arranged anticlinal filaments with medullary stellate cellsCystocarp180-250 μm diameterNot observed300-500 μm diameterTetrasporangiaCruciately dividedCruciately dividedNot observedReferenceD’Archino et al. (2014)Lee et al. (2016a)This study