Minimal data on the spatial correlation network structure of operational efficiency and its drivers: a case study of star-rated hotels in China

Using a comprehensive method of integrating Super-DEA model, modified gravity model and social network analysis, this paper explores the evolution characteristics and potential mechanisms of the spatial network structure of the operational efficiency of provincial star-rated hotels in China from 2013 to 2022. The results showed that: (1) During the study period, the average operating efficiency of China's star-rated hotels was 0.618, and the spatial efficiency value showed a distribution pattern of "eastern> central> western>northeast". (2) The spatial correlation network of the operational efficiency of China's provincial star-rated hotels generally presents the characteristics of densification, hierarchical structure and intensification. Provinces such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Jiangsu in the eastern region play a central role as "central actors" in the network, while provinces in the west and northeast such as Heilongjiang, Tibet, and Xinjiang play the role of "passive participants" in the spatial network. (3) The members of "net income" and "two-way spillover" are mainly from the eastern and some central provinces, while the members of "net overflow" are mainly from the northeastern and western provinces. (4) Factors such as economic development level, residents' consumption level, and distance from provincial capitals jointly drive the evolution and optimization of the spatial network structure of the operational efficiency of China's provincial star-rated hotels.