Data from: Male-specific genotype by environment interactions influence viability selection acting on a sexually selected inversion system in the seaweed fly, Coelopa frigida.

In the seaweed fly, Coelopa frigida, a large chromosomal inversion system is affected by sexual selection and viability selection. However, our understanding of the interaction between these two selective forces is currently limited as research has focused upon a limited range of environments. We allowed C. frigida larvae to develop in two different algae, Fucus and Laminaria, and then measured viability and body size for each inversion genotype. Significant male-specific genotype-by-environment interactions influenced viability and body size. For males developing in Laminaria, the direction of viability selection acts similarly on the inversion system as the direction of sexual selection. In contrast, for males developing in Fucus, viability selection opposes sexual selection. These results demonstrate that through considering viability selection in different environments, the costs and benefits associated with sexual selection can be found to vary.

在海藻蝇（Coelopa frigida）中，一套大型染色体倒位系统同时受到性选择（sexual selection）与生存力选择（viability selection）的作用。然而，当前我们对这两种选择压力之间相互作用的理解仍存在局限，因已有研究仅聚焦于有限的环境范围。本研究让海藻蝇幼虫在墨角藻（Fucus）与海带藻（Laminaria）两种藻类上发育，随后针对每种倒位基因型测定了其生存力与体型大小。结果显示，显著的雄性特异性基因型-环境互作（genotype-by-environment interaction）效应可对生存力与体型大小产生影响。对于在海带藻上发育的雄性个体，作用于该染色体倒位系统的生存力选择方向与性选择方向一致；与之相反，在墨角藻上发育的雄性个体中，生存力选择与性选择方向相悖。本研究结果表明，若将不同环境下的生存力选择纳入考量，便可发现与性选择相关的成本与收益存在差异。