Processed hydroclimatic, vegetation, episode-state, and copula data for compound flash drought–heatwave episodes in Ningxia, China

This dataset supports the study of compound flash drought–heatwave episodes and their propagation into agricultural drought in irrigation-dominated and rainfed agricultural zones of Ningxia, China, during 2001–2022. It contains processed ERA5-Land maximum air temperature and root-zone soil-moisture data, quality-screened MODIS EVI time series, an independently derived compound-event inventory, episode-level root-zone soil-moisture state classifications, copula-analysis outputs, figure and table source data, and reproducible R scripts. Station-based multi-depth soil-moisture observations supplied by the Ningxia Meteorological Bureau are subject to provider restrictions and are not redistributed. Only aggregate statistics from the station-based consistency assessment are included.本数据集可用于开展2001-2022年中国宁夏回族自治区灌溉主导型与雨养农业区内复合骤旱-热浪事件（compound flash drought–heatwave episodes）及其向农业干旱传播过程的相关研究。数据集包含经预处理的ERA5-Land最高气温与根区土壤湿度数据、经质量筛查的中分辨率成像光谱仪（Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, MODIS）增强型植被指数（Enhanced Vegetation Index, EVI）时间序列、独立构建的复合事件清单、事件级根区土壤湿度状态分类结果、Copula分析产出结果、图表与表格源数据，以及可复现的R脚本。 由宁夏气象局（Ningxia Meteorological Bureau）提供的站点多深度土壤湿度观测数据受数据提供方使用限制，不得进行二次分发，仅纳入基于站点观测的一致性评估汇总统计量。