SEATED VOLLEYBALL: THE INFLUENCE OF MOTOR DEFICIENCY TYPE ON PLAYERS’ TACTICAL ROLES

ABSTRACT Introduction Sitting volleyball is an adapted sport played by players in the seated position, due to impaired mobility or amputations. Court dimensions are adjusted to the players’ average height, and during the games, the actions performed are similar to those of traditional volleyball. Objective To analyze the tactical performance of lower limb amputees and physically disabled athletes during seated volleyball games. Methods Data were collected from video footage, by a single observer, of twelve games of the Brazilian north-northeast championship 2017. The analysis investigated: i) average length of rallies; ii) frequency of attack actions; iii) game actions by amputation type; iv) outcomes of the actions by amputation type; v) direction and frequency of movements by disability. Results The average duration was 70 rallies per game, with the minimum disabled athletes performing the highest number of attack actions (43). Transfemoral amputees performed the highest number of blocking actions per game (10.5, in average). Conclusion Sitting volleyball has characteristics that are determined mainly by the type of disability. Players with minimal disabilities perform more attack actions and have higher performance per action, while amputees perform actions closer to the net, such as blocking and blocking points. The results also suggest that the type of amputation influences the direction of movement. Level of evidence II; Study Prospective.

摘要
引言：坐式排球（Sitting Volleyball）是一项为因行动障碍或截肢导致行动不便的运动员设立的改编体育运动，运动员需以坐姿参赛。赛场尺寸会根据运动员的平均身高进行适配调整，比赛中的动作与传统排球赛事基本相仿。
研究目的：分析下肢截肢者（Lower Limb Amputees）与肢体残疾运动员（Physically Disabled Athletes）在坐式排球赛事中的战术表现。
研究方法：本研究由一名观察员通过录像素材采集2017年巴西北部-东北部锦标赛的12场比赛数据，分析维度涵盖：i）相持回合的平均时长；ii）进攻动作的发生频率；iii）不同截肢类型对应的比赛动作占比；iv）不同截肢类型对应的动作结局；v）不同残疾类型对应的移动方向与频率。
研究结果：每场比赛平均出现70个相持回合，其中残障程度最轻的运动员的进攻动作数量最多，达43次。经股截肢运动员（Transfemoral Amputees）场均拦网动作数量最高，平均为10.5次。
研究结论：坐式排球的赛事特征主要由运动员的残疾类型决定。残障程度较轻的运动员进攻动作更多，且单次动作的表现更优异；截肢运动员则更多在球网附近完成拦网及拦网得分类动作。本研究结果同时表明，截肢类型会对运动员的移动方向产生影响。
证据等级：Ⅱ级；研究类型：前瞻性研究。