Application of Next Generation Sequencing (RNA-seq and miRNA-seq) to study the molecular signature of Aluminium hydroxide adjuvant in ovine encephalon. [RNA-Seq]

We report the application of RNA sequencing technology for high-throughput profiling of the aluminium hydroxide adjuvant mechanism of action in an in vivo experiment on sheep treated with commercial vaccines, with the adjuvant alone or with PBS (control group). We mapped about 74.1 million sequence reads per sample to the sheep genome (build Oar3.1) and after filtering 16,369 genes were expressed, of which 14,387 were annotated genes in Ensembl and 1,982 were candidate lncRNAs. A total of 13, 63 and 76 differentialy expressed genes were identified in the Vaccine vs. Control, Adjuvant vs. Control and Adjuvant vs. Vaccine comparisons, respectively. Previously reported genes related to neuronal development, brain transport and neurotransmission, brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases associated with aluminum were found differentially expressed, namely VCAM1, TRPM4, GDF10 and NTN1. Encephalon Total RNA profiles of twelve age-matched Rasa sheep after inoculation of nine different commercial vaccines based of aluminium hydroxide (the vaccine group composed of 4 animals), with the aluminium adjuvant alone in an equivalent dose (the adjuvant group composed of 4 animals) or with PBS (the control group composed of 4 animals) were generated by deep sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq2000 sequencer.