Data from: Plantation management to restore early and late-successional bird habitat under various climatic and seasonal conditions

We quantified effects of stand age and the broadleaved tree proportion of conifer plantations to support early successional and broadleaved forest bird species, asked whether plantations support them comparably to natural forests, and how much these effects depend on regional or seasonal climates across Hokkaido (784 million ha), northern Japan. In this dataset, all data and codes for analyses are included.Description of the Data and file structureType: Forest type (Todo fir or Japanese larch plantation)Age: Stand ageTemp_S: Regional temperature during the breeding season, calculated using Mesh Climate Value 2010 data provided by the Japan Meteorological AgencyTemp_W: Regional temperature during the wintering season, calculated using Mesh Climate Value 2010 data provided by the Japan Meteorological AgencySnow_Deepest: Maximum snow depth, calculated using Mesh Climate Value 2010 data provided by the Japan Meteorological AgencySnow: Averaged snow depth (cm) at six points set at equal intervals along each transect line during each winter surveyBroad_rate: Averaged proportion of broadleaved trees (%) at six points set at equal intervals along each transect lineBroad_canopy: Proportion of broadleaved trees (%) within each 3-ha plot, measured by free satellite imagesImage_day: Date the satellite images were takenConifer_AB: Total abundance of conifer forest bird speciesConifer_SR: Species richness of conifer forest bird speciesBroad_AB: Total abundance of broadleaved forest bird speciesBroad_SR: Species richness of broadleaved forest bird speciesEarly_AB: Total abundance of early successional bird speciesEarly_SR: Species richness of conifer early successional bird speciesUguisu: Abundance of Japanese Bush Warbler (Horornis diphone)Aoji: Abundance of Black-faced Bunting (Emberiza spodocephala)species_AB: Abundance of each bird speciesD_Breed_survey_ CSV files were used for analyses under R (Analysis_Breeding.R).D_Winter_survey_ CSV files were used for analyses under R (Analysis_Wintering.R).Sharing/access InformationClimate covariates were calculated using 30 years (1981-2010) of contiguous nationwide 1-km^2 gridded data from the Mesh Climate Value 2010 database provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency: https://nlftp.mlit.go.jp/ksj/gml/datalist/KsjTmplt-G02.html(opens in new window) [in Japanese]Stand covariates were obtained from the Hokkaido Government Opendata CC-BY4.0 database:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ja