Data from: Resurrection and new species of the Neotropical genus Adelonema (Araceae: Philodendron clade)

Previous studies have shown Homalomena as traditionally defined to be polyphyletic, with Neotropical species phylogenetically distinct from Asian species. This study of 29 accessions of 10 Neotropical taxa, and a total of 135 accessions representing 92 taxa of Homalomena, Furtadoa, and Philodendron for nuclear ITS and plastid matK regions, supports resurrection of the genus Adelonema for Neotropical species currently assigned to Homalomena. Adelonema is here delimited as a Neotropical genus of 16 species divided into two new sections: sect. Adelonema and sect. Curmeria, based on morphologically supported molecular results. The genus Adelonema is distinguished by a hypogeal rhizome, crushed vegetative tissues smelling of anise, an extensively sheathing, sometimes prickly petiole, chartaceous often variegated leaf blades, a spadix either obliquely inserted on the spathe/peduncle (sect. Adelonema), or stipitate (sect. Curmeria), ovaries with 2–4-pluriovulate locules, and anatropous ovules on an axile placenta. Four new species are described: Adelonema orientalis, A. palidinervia, A. panamensis, and A. yanamonoensis. Eleven new combinations are made: Adelonema allenii, A. crinipes, A. hammelii, A. kvistii, A. moffleriana, A. peltata, A. picturata, A. roezlii, A. speariae, A. wallisii, and A. wendlandii.

既往研究表明，传统定义下的千年健属（Homalomena）为复系群，其新热带区类群与亚洲类群在系统发育上彼此独立。本研究针对10个新热带区类群的29份采集样品，以及涵盖千年健属、富特多阿属（Furtadoa）与喜林芋属（Philodendron）的92个类群的共计135份采集样品，对其核基因组ITS区与质体基因组matK区进行测序分析，研究结果支持将当前归属于千年健属的新热带区类群恢复为独立属阿德隆内马属（Adelonema）。本研究基于兼具形态学与分子生物学证据的结果，将阿德隆内马属界定为包含16个物种的新热带区特有属，并划分为2个新组：阿德隆内马组（sect. Adelonema）与库尔梅里亚组（sect. Curmeria）。该属的鉴别特征包括：地下根状茎，压碎的营养组织具茴香味，叶柄具广泛包裹的叶鞘且有时具刺，叶片纸质且常具斑纹；肉穗花序要么斜生于佛焰苞/花序梗上（阿德隆内马组），要么具柄（库尔梅里亚组）；子房具2-4个多胚珠室，胚珠为着生于中轴胎座上的倒生胚珠。本研究共描述4个新种：东方阿德隆内马（Adelonema orientalis）、淡脉阿德隆内马（Adelonema palidinervia）、巴拿马阿德隆内马（Adelonema panamensis）与亚纳莫诺阿德隆内马（Adelonema yanamonoensis）；同时发表11个新组合：艾伦阿德隆内马（Adelonema allenii）、细柄阿德隆内马（Adelonema crinipes）、哈梅尔阿德隆内马（Adelonema hammelii）、克维斯特阿德隆内马（Adelonema kvistii）、莫夫勒阿德隆内马（Adelonema moffleriana）、盾叶阿德隆内马（Adelonema peltata）、斑纹阿德隆内马（Adelonema picturata）、勒兹利阿德隆内马（Adelonema roezlii）、斯皮里阿德隆内马（Adelonema speariae）、沃利斯阿德隆内马（Adelonema wallisii）与温德兰阿德隆内马（Adelonema wendlandii）。