Lives Through Time, 1932-1958

This study focused on the course of adolescent personality development and change, and its relationship to adjustment in later life. The data come from two ongoing longitudinal studies conducted at the Institute of Human Development (IHD). The Berkeley Guidance Study was begun in 1929 by Jean Macfarlane; participants were families with a 21-month old child. The Oakland Growth Study, a sample of fifth graders and their families, was begun in 1932 by Harold Jones. Both studies were designed to study normal development over time and are still active today at IHD. The data set available at the Murray Research Archive is a re-analysis of a subset of the IHD data obtained from 171 participants (drawn from an original sample of 460) when they were young adolescents, older adolescents and adults (in their thirties). Data from these waves were coded and analyzed by Block for his book, Lives Through Time (Berkeley: Bancroft, 1971). The sample was assessed again when participants were in their forties (1968-1969). This fourth wave was analyzed for numerous questions, many of which are presented in Present and Past in Middle Life, edited by Eichorn, Clausen, and others (New York: Academic, 1981). This wave is archived separately from the first three waves (see Institute of Human Development, 00627). The personality data archived at the center were obtained by using variations of Block's California Q-Sort. The material used came from "case assemblies" of all information from the IHD files that was presented by the participants, their teachers, or IHD staff. This included such information as school grades, comments and ratings by teachers, ratings of social or interview behavior by IHD staff, intelligence test performance, Rorschach and TAT protocols, peer sociometric ratings, participant's reports of areas of agreement or disagreement with parents, attitudes on various issues, and likes and dislikes. In addition to the Q-Sort information, data from the California Psychological Inventory were obtained for the adults. Only numeric file data from this study are available through the Murray Research Archive.本研究聚焦于青少年人格发展与变化的轨迹，及其与成年后期适应状况的关联。本研究的数据源自人类发展研究所（Institute of Human Development，IHD）开展的两项持续性纵向研究。伯克利指导研究（Berkeley Guidance Study）由琼·麦克法兰（Jean Macfarlane）于1929年启动，研究对象为家中育有21个月龄幼儿的家庭。奥克兰成长研究（Oakland Growth Study）由哈罗德·琼斯（Harold Jones）于1932年启动，其研究样本为五年级学生及其家庭。两项研究均旨在追踪个体的正常发展进程，目前仍在人类发展研究所持续开展。穆雷研究档案馆（Murray Research Archive）所提供的数据集，是对IHD数据子集的重新分析——该子集包含从原始样本460名个体中抽取的171名被试，在其青少年早期、青少年晚期及成年早期（30余岁）三个阶段的相关数据。上述各追踪波次的数据均由布洛克（Block）进行编码与分析，相关研究成果收录于其专著《穿越时光的人生》(Lives Through Time，伯克利：班克罗夫特出版社，1971年)。当被试步入40余岁时（1968-1969年），研究团队对其进行了第四次追踪评估。本次第四波次的数据被用于多项研究问题的分析，其中诸多成果收录于由艾肯霍恩（Eichorn）、克劳森（Clausen）等人编辑的《中年生活的当下与过往》(Present and Past in Middle Life，纽约：学术出版社，1981年)。该第四波次数据与前三波次数据分别归档（详见人类发展研究所档案编号00627）。穆雷研究档案馆所归档的人格数据，采用了布洛克开发的加州Q分类法（California Q-Sort）的变体进行采集。所用数据材料源自IHD档案中所有由被试本人、教师或IHD研究人员提交的案例汇编（case assemblies）信息，此类信息具体包括：学业成绩、教师评价与评分、IHD研究人员对社交或访谈行为的评分、智力测验结果、罗夏克墨迹测验（Rorschach）与主题统觉测验（TAT）记录、同伴社交计量评分、被试自述的与父母的共识或分歧点、对各类议题的态度，以及个人好恶偏好。除Q分类法相关数据外，研究团队还为成年被试采集了加州心理量表（California Psychological Inventory）的数据。本研究仅提供数值型档案数据的访问渠道，可通过穆雷研究档案馆获取。