Data from: A tilt after-effect for images of buildings: evidence of selectivity for the orientation of everyday scenes

The tilt after-effect (TAE) is thought to be a manifestation of gain control in mechanisms selective for spatial orientation in visual stimuli. It has been demonstrated with luminance-defined stripes, contrast-defined stripes, orientation-defined stripes and even with natural images. Of course, all images can be decomposed into a sum of stripes, so it should not be surprising to find a TAE when adapting and test images contain stripes that differ by 15° or so. We show this latter condition is not necessary for the TAE with natural images: adaptation to slightly tilted and vertically filtered houses produced a ‘repulsive’ bias in the perceived orientation of horizontally filtered houses. These results suggest gain control in mechanisms selective for spatial orientation in natural images.

倾斜后效（tilt after-effect, TAE）被认为是视觉刺激中空间朝向选择性机制增益控制（gain control）的一种表现形式。该效应已在亮度定义条纹、对比度定义条纹、朝向定义条纹乃至自然图像中得到验证。众所周知，所有图像均可分解为条纹的叠加，因此当适应图像与测试图像中的条纹存在约15°的朝向差异时，观测到TAE并不意外。本研究表明，针对自然图像的TAE并非必须满足该条件：对轻微倾斜且经过垂直空间滤波的房屋图像进行适应后，会使被试对经过水平空间滤波的房屋图像的感知朝向产生"排斥性"偏差。上述结果提示，自然图像中同样存在空间朝向选择性机制的增益控制。