Parkes observations for project P1066 semester 2020APRS_03

We propose 36 hrs of Parkes observations to continue our successful Deeper, Wider, Faster (DWF) program to detect fast transients and fast radio burst (FRB) counterparts and help resolve their nature. DWF coordinates over 60 observatories worldwide at all wavelengths, from radio to gamma-ray to detect and follow-up FRBs and other elusive fast (millisecond-to-hours duration) transients. Crucially, we coordinate simultaneous deep, fast-cadenced, wide-field observations at all wavelengths to observe the same field at the same time as Parkes, enabling multi-wavelength detection before, during, and after the radio detection. Little to no multi-wavelength observations to any significant depth have been done on these timescales, leaving this parameter space underexplored. \r\n\r\nDWF coordinates major facilities such as South Pole Telescope (mm/sub-mm), GROND (infrared), CTIO Dark Energy Camera (optical), Astrosat (UV/X-ray), HXMT (X-ray), HESS (gamma-ray), and Pierre Auger (high-energy). We perform realtime data processing and transient identification at all wavelengths that enables triggering our deep, rapid-response (within minutes) follow up programs for deep spectroscopy and imaging using the world's largest telescopes (e.g., Keck, VLT, Gemini, SALT, ATCA).

我们提议开展36小时的帕克斯（Parkes）望远镜观测，以延续我们已取得成功的“更深、更广、更快”（Deeper, Wider, Faster，简称DWF）项目，旨在探测快速暂现源与快速射电暴（fast radio burst，简称FRB）的对应体，并助力厘清其物理本质。DWF项目协调了全球60余座覆盖全波段的观测台站，波段范围从射电到伽马射线，用于探测并追踪快速射电暴（FRB）及其他难以观测的快速暂现源（持续时长从毫秒到数小时不等）。尤为关键的是，我们将协调全波段开展深度、高频次、宽视场观测，与帕克斯望远镜同时对准同一天区，从而实现在射电探测前、探测中及探测后进行多波段探测。当前在该类时间尺度下，几乎未开展过任何具备足够深度的多波段观测，致使该参数空间尚未得到充分探索。

DWF项目协调了一批大型观测设施，包括南极望远镜（South Pole Telescope，毫米/亚毫米波段）、GROND红外巡天设备、CTIO暗能量相机（光学波段）、Astrosat（紫外/X射线卫星）、硬X射线调制望远镜（HXMT，X射线波段）、HESS伽马射线切伦科夫望远镜阵列以及皮埃尔·奥格天文台（Pierre Auger，高能粒子探测）。我们将对全波段数据开展实时处理与暂现源证认，以此触发依托全球顶级望远镜（如凯克望远镜（Keck）、甚大望远镜（VLT）、双子座望远镜（Gemini）、南非大望远镜（SALT）、澳大利亚望远镜致密阵列（ATCA））的快速响应后续观测项目，响应时效可控制在数分钟以内。