Parkes observations for project P1066 semester 2021APRS_01

We propose 36 hrs of Parkes observations to continue our successful Deeper, Wider, Faster (DWF) program to detect fast transients and fast radio burst (FRB) counterparts and help resolve their nature. DWF coordinates over 80 observatories worldwide at all wavelengths, from radio to gamma-ray to detect and follow-up FRBs and other elusive fast (millisecond-to-hours duration) transients. Crucially, we coordinate simultaneous deep, fast-cadenced, wide-field observations at all wavelengths to observe the same field at the same time as Parkes, enabling multi-wavelength detection before, during, and after the radio detection. Little to no multi-wavelength observations to any significant depth have been done on these timescales, leaving this parameter space underexplored. DWF coordinates major facilities to observe with Parkes, such as South Pole Telescope (mm/sub-mm), GROND (infrared), CTIO Dark Energy Camera (optical), Astrosat (UV/X-ray), HXMT (X-ray), HESS (gamma-ray), and Pierre Auger (high-energy). We perform realtime data processing and transient identification at all wavelengths that enables triggering our deep, rapid-response (within minutes) follow up programs for deep spectroscopy and imaging using the world's largest telescopes (e.g., Keck, VLT, Gemini, SALT, ATCA).

我们申请利用帕克斯（Parkes）望远镜开展36小时观测，以延续我们已取得成功的“更深、更广、更快”（Deeper, Wider, Faster，简称DWF）计划，旨在探测快速暂现源与快速射电暴（Fast Radio Burst，简称FRB）的对应体，并助力阐明其物理本质。
DWF计划协调全球超过80个覆盖全波段（从射电到伽马射线）的天文台，对快速射电暴及其他难以捕捉的快速暂现源（时长跨度为毫秒至小时级）开展探测与后续观测。
尤为关键的是，我们将协调开展全波段同步深场、快时序、宽视场观测，确保与帕克斯望远镜同步观测同一天区，从而实现在无线电探测前、探测过程中及探测完成后开展多波段探测。
在这类观测时标下，几乎未开展过任何具备足够深度的多波段观测研究，使得该参数空间尚未得到充分探索。
DWF计划协调以下大型观测设施与帕克斯望远镜协同观测：南极望远镜（South Pole Telescope，毫米/亚毫米波段）、GROND（红外）、托洛洛山美洲际天文台暗能量相机（光学波段）、Astrosat卫星（紫外/X射线）、硬X射线调制望远镜（HXMT，X射线）、高能量立体切伦科夫望远镜阵列（HESS，伽马射线）以及皮埃尔·奥格天文台（高能）。
我们将在全波段开展实时数据处理与暂现源证认，以此触发我们的深场快速响应（分钟级内）后续观测计划，使用全球最大型望远镜开展深场光谱与成像观测，例如凯克望远镜、甚大望远镜（VLT）、双子座望远镜、南非大望远镜（SALT）以及澳大利亚紧凑阵列（ATCA）。