VPRS 583 Rate Books

Every year each local council is required to make and levy rates in respect of all rateable properties within its municipal district. The Municipal Institutions Act 1854 (No.26) empowered local councils to make by-laws for the regulation of their own proceedings including the collection of rates. The amount of rate is therefore determined by the council although a statutory limit applies. Rates are the main source of revenue for the council. The rate record is a record of the levying and payment of rates on rateable properties. Apart from the general rate which is levied equally on all properties, a council may levy an extra rate or a special rate. An extra rate may be levied, over and above the general rate, on a subdivision of a municipality to cover expenses occurred in that subdivision. A special rate may be levied when a council undertakes works for the special benefit of a particular portion of the municipality. Separate rate records are maintained for general, extra and special rates and these are therefore registered as separate series. For each rateable property a record is created which identifies the property and person rated and includes details of the annual value of the property, the amounts due, amounts paid, arrears and when rates were abandoned. A complete rate record may comprise two parts: a Register of Rateable Properties and a Rates Register. The Register of Rateable Properties identifies the properties and persons rated and the Rates Register comprises the accounting details. Where these two parts exist they are registered separately. The format of rate records has changed over the years. Initially the levying and payment of rates were recorded in volumes (known as Rate Books) until the introduction of cards (known as Rate Cards) from the 1930s. In the 1980's and 1990's automated systems have mostly been used. Printouts of the automated system are usually produced as the rate record. Series of rate records in different formats are registered separately.

每年，各地方议会均须就其辖区内所有应课税物业（rateable properties）制定并征收差饷（rates）。《1854年市政机构法案（第26号）》授权地方议会制定附例，以规管自身运作流程，其中包括差饷征收事宜。尽管存在法定限额，但差饷征收额度仍由议会自行确定，且差饷亦是议会的主要收入来源。
差饷记录是对应课税物业的差饷征收与缴纳情况的记载。除对所有物业统一征收的普遍差饷（general rate）外，议会还可征收额外差饷（extra rate）或专项差饷（special rate）。
额外差饷可在普遍差饷之外，针对辖区内的分区征收，用于覆盖该分区产生的开支。
当议会为辖区内特定区域开展专项受益工程时，可征收专项差饷。
差饷记录按普遍差饷、额外差饷及专项差饷分别建档，因此以独立序列进行登记。
针对每一处应课税物业，均会创建专属记录，用于标识该物业及应课税责任人，并记载物业年度估值、应缴金额、已缴金额、拖欠款项以及差饷豁免情况等详细信息。
完整的差饷记录可分为两部分：应课税物业登记册（Register of Rateable Properties）与差饷登记册（Rates Register）。
应课税物业登记册用于标识物业及应课税责任人，而差饷登记册则包含相关财务核算细节。若该两部分记录均存在，则需分别进行登记。
多年来，差饷记录的载体形式历经变革。最初，差饷的征收与缴纳情况均记载于成册的簿册（即差饷簿（Rate Books））中，直至20世纪30年代引入卡片式记录（即差饷卡（Rate Cards））。
到了20世纪80年代和90年代，自动化系统得到广泛应用，自动化系统生成的打印件通常即作为差饷记录使用。
不同格式的差饷记录序列均需分别登记。