Localization of outer membrane proteins.

Applied methods are described in Materials and Methods.a++, Protein is extensively biotinylated in intact cells; +, protein is present in slightly higher amounts after biotinylation of lysed cells; −, protein is present in very low amounts or absent after biotinylation of intact versus lysed cells.b++, Protein is substantially cleaved by proteinase K (PK); +, protein is cleaved by PK; −, protein remains intact.c++, Protein is clearly present on the surface of leptospires; +, protein is present on the surface, but the detection signal is much stronger after membrane has been permeabilized, suggesting only partial surface exposure; −, protein is not detected on the surface.d++, Protein is partitioning in detergent phase after Triton X-114 treatment; +, A portion of protein is present in detergent phase −, protein is not partitioning in detergent phase; −*, protein is in aqueous phase.e++, Majority of protein is retained in lipid bilayer after treatment with all three different reagents (Na2CO3, urea, NaCl); +, majority of protein remains with lipid bilayer after treatment with at least two reagents. Nd, not determined.