Dataset of glass and mineral geochemical data of Holocene volcanic ashes of NW Argentina

Groundmass glass, phenocrysts, microphenocrysts, and microlites of glass shards (1011 analyses at single points), feldspars (568), biotites (183), Fe–Ti oxides (101), amphiboles (30), and pyroxenes (14) were analysed on polished thin sections of Holocene volcanic ashes, ignimbrites and lava domes of Southern Puna and neighbouring areas (NW Argentina) by electron probe microanalyser (EPMA). The quality of mineral analyses was reviewed, verifying that the structural formula gave a correct stoichiometry with specific measuring programs for feldspars, biotite, Fe–Ti oxides, pyroxene, and amphibole. Geothermobarometry was constrained using the chemistry of feldspars, Fe–Ti oxides, clinopyroxene, and amphibole. The studied volcanic materials are mainly associated with the 4.2 ka cal BP eruption of the Cerro Blanco Volcanic Complex.