Dataset for defining the spatially explicit baseline of cropping systems in Ecuadorian croplands and estimating the crop residues potential

This dataset describes the baseline cropping systems of Ecuador and the associated pedoclimatic conditions. A high spatial resolution approach was used to quantify the spatially-explicit theoretical and technical potential yield of ten key crop residues, as well as the inputs to soil and potential supply to the bioeconomy in terms of carbon. Besides, it provides future meteorological data (mean temperature and evapotranspiration) under the representative pathway concentration RCP4.5, in a monthly timestep, spatially explicitly assigned to the cropping systems defined within this baseline. The original data was extracted from the Agricultural and Livestock Public Information System (ALPIS; MAG, 2023) of Ecuador. The potential yields were calculated as the average data reported by the National Continuous Agricultural Production and Surface Survey (NCAPSS) for the period 2002-2019. Residue to product ratios (RPR), root to shoot (R:S), root distribution factors in soil profile, crop residues composition are parameters influencing the final C calculation and were determined based on literature review and accompany this database in order to keep the transparency of the data. This database provides all the baseline data required to perform long-term simulations of soil organic carbon for Ecuador.