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Dataset used in this [#Paper](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-025-02132-9) **Across-subjects average maps** If you're interested in standard-space (MNI152 6th), **average CBF, CMRO2, or OEF maps**, please use: /derivatives/N40_cond-control_space-MNI152_median_GMR2pCBVmasked_**.nii.gz --> these are already gray-matter masked (GM probability > 0.5; oef and cmro2 can only be interpreted in GM) + venous-dominated voxels are discarded for CBF, there is also the non-masked version: /derivatives/N40_cond-control_space-MNI152_median_cbf.nii.gz **Single- subject r2', oef, cbv, cbf and cmro2 maps** Please use the following maps, all under /derivatives/sub-XX/qmri/: We strongly advise to restrict all of these to subject-specific gray-matter (GM probability > 0.5 as r2', oef and cmro2 not interpretable in WM), plus T2<90[ms] , R2'<9[1/s] , CBV<10 [%] and OEF < 0.9 [ratio] before analyses; to avoid areas mainly influenced by CSF, large vessels, and susceptibility-related artifact areas. **r2'** * sub-XX_task-TASK_space-XX_R2prime * sub-XX_task-TASK_base-BASE_space-XX_desc-semi-quant_oef_R2prime **oef** * sub-XX_task-TASK_space-XX_oef * sub-XX_task-calc_space-XX_desc-cbv_oef --> cbv was acquired in control and calc conditions, this is the OEF based on CBV in calc; only exists for CALC, for all other conditions CBV in CTRL was used * sub-XX_task-mem_base-control_space-XX_desc-semi-quant_oef --> we advise using this for MEM; this is the OEF map based on R2' derived from fMRI %BOLD (MEM minus CTRL/CTRL), but with CBV in CTRL, as we did not acquire CBV in MEM * sub-XX_task-calc_base-control_space-XX_desc-semi-quant-corrected_oef --> we advise using this for CALC; this is the OEF map based on CALC-CBV, and on R2' derived from fMRI %BOLD (CALC minus CTRL/CTRL) **cbv** * sub-XX_task-TASK_space-XX_cbv --> cbv was acquired in control and for some subjects also in the calc condition **cbf** * sub-XX_task-TASK_space-XX_cbf **cmro2** * sub-XX_task-TASK_space-XX_desc-orig_cmro2 --> this is the CMRO2 map based on CBV in CTRL, except for those 10 subjects where it was additionally acquired in CALC * sub-XX_task-calc_space-XX_desc-cbv_cmro2 --> This is the CMRO2 map based on CBV in CALC for all subjects (extrapolated from 10 subjects to all 40); only exists for CALC; for all other conditions CBV in CTRL was used * sub-XX_task-mem_base-control_space-XX_desc-semi-quant_cmro2--> we advise using this for MEM; this is the CMRO2 map based on R2' derived from fMRI %BOLD (MEM minus CTRL/CTRL), but with CBV in CTRL, as we did not acquire CBV in MEM * sub-XX_task-calc_base-control_space-XX_desc-semi-quant-corrected_cmro2 --> we advise using this for CALC; this is the CMRO2 map based on CALC-CBV, and on R2' derived from fMRI %BOLD (CALC minus CTRL/CTRL) All participants' data are organized like this: **MAIN STUDY** This dataset consists of 40 healthy, right-handed participants (sub-p019 to sub-p068) (see participants.tsv file) + 7 discarded participants. * sub-p022: incomplete behavioral data (MEM), participant skipped nearly all keywords * sub-p024: no signal drop in DSC data detected, venous line probably too short / blocked! No CBV data * sub-p025: no signal drop in DSC data detected, venous line probably too short / blocked! No CBV data * sub-p042: CBF maps are one-sided /unilateral (already in scanner); scanning was interrupted, not all data acquired * sub-p053: unilateral data in T2* calc * sub-p056: movement artifacts/ringing, unilateral data in T2* calc * sub-p062: huge susceptibility artifacts above ear canals, scanning was interrupted, not all data acquired (sub-p041, sub-p045, sub-p057 did not show up /cancelled short-notice. These participants were skipped completely without any data acquisition done.) **REPLICATION STUDY** This dataset consists of 10 healthy, right-handed participants (sub-r070, sub-r071, sub-r072, sub-r073, sub-r074, sub-r075, sub-r076, sub-r077, sub-r078, sub-r079), (see participants.tsv file) _DATA STRUCTURE_ Data is ordered in the following structure: * sub-XX * sub-XX * sub-XX     * /anat:                 **RAW** T1w                 **RAW** multi-echo spin-echo T2 (MESE) data: sub-XX_echo-XX_task-control_MESE     * /func:                 **RAW** fMRI BOLD task data, 30s blocks, 4 reps per task (CALC, MEM, CTRL, REST for ID < 56, CALC & CTRL for ID > 55)                 events.tsv file: not containing onsets for CTRL as this is considered the baseline for * derivatives     * /sub-XX     * /sub-XX     * /sub-XX         * /anat:                  **RAW** multi-echo, gradient-echo T2star (MEGRE): sub-XX_echo-XX_imaginary_task-XX_acq-MoCoQR_MEGRE.nii.gz; imaginary and real data separately; acq-fullres = full resolution, acq-MoCoHR = half resolution for motion correction; acq-MoCoQR = quarter resolution for motion correction         * /func:                   preprocessed fMRI BOLD task data (with fmriprep): sub-XX_task-all_space-XX_res-2_desc-preproc_bold                   1stel level contrasts in T2 space: sub-pXX_1stlevel_CONTRAST_space-T2         * /perf:                   **RAW** DSC (dynamic susceptibility contrast) data: sub-XX_task-XX_acq-perf_dsc         * /qmri: quantitative data, different spaces (space-MNI152, space-T1w and space-T2)                   **RAW** pCASL (pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling) data: sub-XX_task-XX_acq-epi_asl                   T2map                   R2prime map                   T2Smap map                   CBV (from DSC)                   OEF map                   CBF map                   CMRO2 map **CONTROL STUDY** This dataset consists of 18 healthy, right-handed participants (sub-dp007 to sub-dp024); T1w and fMRI BOLD data only (see participants.tsv file) _DATA STRUCTURE_ Data is ordered in the following structure: * sub-XX * sub-XX * sub-XX     * /anat:                 **RAW** T1w     * /func:                 **RAW** fMRI BOLD task data, 30s MEM and CALC tasks blocks with 4 repetitions; interleaved with 30sec CTRL blocks                 **RAW** fMRI BOLD task data, 3min task blocks (CALC, MEM) interleaved with 1min CTRL blocks                 not containing onsets for CTRL as this is considered the baseline

应用场景：

BOLD signal changes can oppose oxygen metabolism across the human cortex