STUDY IN DOG'S CADAVERS OF THE ASSISTED BY ARTHROSCOPY INTRACAPSULAR TECHNIQUE FOR THE TREATMENT OF THE CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE IN THE DOG

Abstract The aim was study and improve the intra-articular technique assisted by arthroscopy of the cranial cruciate ligament repair in dog's cadavers. The bone-patelar tendon-bone was used as a graft and were made the femoral and tibial tunnels. The hindlimb of 10 dogs cadavers weighing > 20kg were harvested. The femoral and tibial tunnels were made independent of each other, in the footprint of the original cranial cruciate ligament. Radiographic and tomographic studies were performed to evaluate the joint. The osseous portions of the graft were were harversted with osteotome and hammer. Fractures occurred in 3 patellas and 3 tibial tuberosities. The medium lenght of the grafts was 7,56cm. Tibial and femoral tunnels were in the footprint of the cranial cruciate ligament in 80% and 90% of the joints, respectively. The tibial tunnel had an average angle of 62,95º measured by computer tomography. The femoral tunnel was at 13h in the left knee and at 11h in the right knee in all joints (100%). At the end of the procedure the drawer test was negative in all joints (100%). It can be concluded that the proposed technique is feasible to be performed in the dog. But because to the small size of the canine joint it is necessary specific instruments in order to obtain better acuracy.

摘要
本研究旨在探索并改良犬尸体关节镜辅助下前十字韧带（cranial cruciate ligament）修复术的关节内操作技术。本研究采用骨-髌腱-骨移植物，并制备股骨隧道与胫骨隧道。本研究采集了10只体重>20kg的犬尸体的后肢标本。股骨隧道与胫骨隧道均独立制备，位置位于原前十字韧带止点区域。通过影像学与断层扫描检查评估关节状态。移植物的骨段采用骨凿与骨锤获取。本研究共出现3例髌骨骨折与3例胫骨结节骨折。移植物的平均长度为7.56cm。分别有80%的标本胫骨隧道、90%的标本股骨隧道位于前十字韧带止点区域内。经计算机断层扫描测量，胫骨隧道的平均角度为62.95°。所有标本（100%）的股骨隧道位置均为：左膝对应钟表13点方位，右膝对应钟表11点方位。术毕所有标本抽屉试验均呈阴性（100%）。综上，本研究提出的技术在犬标本中具备可操作性，但由于犬关节体积较小，需使用专用器械以获得更高的操作精度。