CSF-1-independent macrophages under Th2 immune response (IL-4) exhibit lipid-laden genotypes

CSF-1/CSF-1R axis blockade has been one of the major strategies to combat cancer. however, like a double-edge sword, this therapeutic strategy may have paradoxical effect. Under no CSF-1 stimulation, macrophages attained new phenotypes, turning to CSF-1-independent macrophages, activated its own proliferation and survivability. As TH2 immune might be provoked during parasitic infection and tumor establishment, how the IL-4 affect the CSF-1-independent macrophages might be further addressed. to do that, CSF-1-dependent macrophages (D7) were compared with CSF-1-independent macrophages (D21) under the same IL-4 stimulation.