Data from: The early history of Annonaceae (Magnoliales) in Southeast Asia suggests floristic exchange between India and Pan-Indochina by the late Oligocene

The collision between India and Eurasia in the mid‐Palaeogene facilitated
terrestrial floristic exchange. However, due to the complexity of this
geological event and scarcity of fossil record, the plant migration
patterns between the two plates are still highly debated. In this study,
we focus on the Oligocene floristic exchange between India and
Pan‐Indochina mainly based on a carpological study of Annonaceae, an
emblematic family unique in its pantropical distribution and
frugivore‐based dispersal strategy. A new seed species, Anonaspermum
orientalis sp. nov., is described from the upper Oligocene Yongning
Formation of Guangxi, southern China. The species represents the earliest
known occurrence of this family in Pan‐Indochina. The specimens are
characterized by ovate–elliptic seed shape, thicker seed testa, two‐lobed
organization, lamelliform rumination and an obvious cone‐like plug. The
palaeobiogeographical reconstruction of Annonaceae indicates that the most
parsimonious dispersal scenario for the annonaceous taxon from the late
Oligocene of China is the Out‐of‐India route, in parallel with other plant
genera inferred to have migrated between India and Pan‐Indochina during
that period.