Effectiveness of state climate and energy policies in reducing power sector CO2 emissions dataset

This provides a dataset of the adoption of 17 different climate and energy policies by each of the 50 states in the U.S. for the period 1990-2014 based on state-specific information from C2ES (2017) and Morey and Kirsch (2016). Each of the policy variables are set to zero before adoption and one after adoption. This new dataset also incorporates a time-series data on electricity price [USD], population, and CO2 emitted in the electricity sector [metric ton, MT] for each state. During data processing, we also created two variables, named export ratio and emissions intensity. Export ratio is the percentage of a state's total electricity production that is exported to other states. It is set to zero if it a state is a net importer of electricity. We derived the state-level emissions intensity from EIA's "Net Generation by State by Type of Producer by Energy Source" (EIA 2016) and EPA's "State CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel Combustion, 1990-2014" (EPA 2016) reports. To determine a state's emissions intensity, we divided state-level electric power sector CO2 emissions [in million metric tons, MMT] by state-level electric power industry generation [MWh] for each year from 1990-2014. By 2014, Connecticut, New York, and Oregon have adopted 10 or more policies and some, including climate action plan and binding Renewable Portfolio Standards have been adopted by more than 30 states. This new dataset can be used to assess the effectiveness of different policies on reducing emissions from the electricity sector and bring insights into policy adoption to mitigate climate change within the United States.

本数据集收录了1990-2014年间美国50个州各自采纳的17项气候与能源政策的相关数据，数据来源于C2ES（2017）以及莫雷与基尔希（2016）的州级专项研究资料。每项政策变量在对应政策未被采纳前取值为0，采纳后取值为1。本数据集同时纳入了各州的时间序列数据，涵盖电价（单位：美元）、人口以及电力部门二氧化碳排放量（单位：公吨，MT）。在数据处理阶段，我们还构建了两个变量，分别为电力输出比率与排放强度。电力输出比率指某州电力总产量中出口至其他州的占比；若该州为电力净输入方，则电力输出比率取值为0。我们基于美国能源信息署（Energy Information Administration, EIA）《各州按生产商类型与能源种类划分的净发电量》（2016）以及美国环境保护署（Environmental Protection Agency, EPA）《1990-2014年化石燃料燃烧导致的州级二氧化碳排放量》（2016）两份报告，推导得到州级排放强度指标。在1990-2014年的每一年中，我们通过将州级电力部门二氧化碳排放量（单位：百万公吨，MMT）除以州级电力行业发电量（单位：兆瓦时，MWh），计算得到该州的排放强度。截至2014年，康涅狄格州、纽约州与俄勒冈州已采纳10项及以上相关政策；其中包括气候行动计划（Climate Action Plan）与具有约束力的可再生能源配额制（Renewable Portfolio Standards）在内的多项政策，已被超过30个州采纳。本数据集可用于评估不同政策对电力部门减排的成效，并为美国国内减缓气候变化的政策制定与采纳提供参考依据。