CARDIOMYOCYTE FUNCTION AND MECHANISMS OF CARDIAC CONTRACTION: CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE IN HEART FAILURE

Cardiomyocytes play a central role in maintaining cardiac function through coordinated contraction and relaxation processes. The integrity of these cells and their electrophysiological and biochemical mechanisms determine the efficiency of cardiac output. Disruption in cardiomyocyte activity leads to impaired contractility, ultimately resulting in heart failure—a major global health problem. This article explores the anatomical and physiological basis of cardiomyocyte function, the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac contraction, and the pathophysiological processes contributing to heart failure. The clinical implications of these mechanisms are also discussed to highlight their importance in diagnosis and treatment strategies.心肌细胞（Cardiomyocytes）通过协调的收缩与舒张过程，在维持心脏功能中发挥核心作用。此类细胞的完整性及其电生理与生化机制，决定了心输出量的效能。心肌细胞活动异常会导致收缩功能受损，最终引发心力衰竭——这是全球性重大健康问题之一。本文探讨了心肌细胞功能的解剖学与生理学基础、心脏收缩的分子机制，以及介导心力衰竭发生的病理生理过程；同时还讨论了上述机制的临床意义，以阐明其在疾病诊断与治疗策略中的重要价值。