Supplementary file 4_Development and Examination of the Psychometric Properties of the Social Perception of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Scale in the Turkish Context: Evidence From Hatay Province.pdf

ObjectivesThe rapid spread of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has increased interest in how the public views and trusts these technologies. However, tools designed to measure these perceptions in the Turkish context remain limited. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable scale to assess public perceptions of AI in healthcare.
MethodsAn initial set of 41 items was created based on the literature and expert input. Data were collected from 404 adults in Turkey and divided into two groups. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted in the first group, followed by confirmatory factor analysis in the second group to test the factor structure, validity, and reliability of the scale.
ResultsExploratory factor analysis showed that the scale has a three-factor structure reflecting attitudes and acceptance, trust, and perceived usefulness. This structure explained 74.35% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis supported this model with an acceptable level of fit, and the results also showed that the scale had strong internal consistency.
ConclusionThe SPAIHS is a psychometrically sound instrument for assessing public perceptions of AI in healthcare.