Summary characteristics of the study population by ethnicity and sex.

Abbreviations: IQR, Interquartile range; SD, Standard deviation. Number of missing values: 0 Age, 24 Body Mass Index, 60 Waist circumference, 9 Fasting glucose,29 2-hour glucose in Addition-Leicester and 985 in JHW as 2-hour glucose was not measured in that study, 0 Sex, 149 Current smoker. aP-values test the difference between the three ethnic groups and were derived using analysis of variance. bP-values test the difference between the three ethnic groups and were derived using Kruskal-Wallis tests. cP-values test the difference between the three ethnic groups and were derived using chi-squared tests.