经合组织关于水的研究：在欧盟水框架指令中实施水经济学
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AdistinctivefeatureoftheEuropeanUnion’s(EU)WaterFrameworkDirective(WFD)isthemultiplereferencestoeconomics.AccordingtotheWFD,EUmemberstatesaremandatedto:?Recoverthefinancial,environmentalandresourcecostsofusingwater.Thesecostsincludetheopportunitycostofusingwater(whichshouldreflectscarcity),thecostsofpollution(inlinewiththePolluterPaysPrinciple),andthefinancialcostsofoperatinginfrastructureandservicestoaccesswater;?Establishwaterpricesthatpromotewateruseefficiencyandhencediscouragewastageandencourageefficientallocationofwaterresources;?Useeconomicanalysesandappropriatedatatodocumentcostsofmeasuresandinvestments,theirallocation,andthecontributionofdifferentwaterusers(households,industryandagriculture)towardscostrecovery.ReferencetowatereconomicsintheWFDandFloodDirective(FD)resonateswithsimilarreferencesintheOECDCouncilRecommendationonWater,adoptedbyOECDmembercountriesinDecember2016.ItfollowsthattheOECDandtheEuropeanCommissionshareacommoninterestinfacilitatingthediffusionofwatereconomicsandrobustpracticesforcostrecoveryanddiffusionofthePolluterPaysPrincipleacrosstheirconstituenciesandbeyond.TheFitnessCheckoftheEU'swaterlegislationandtheassessmentofthesecondcycleofimplementationofriverbasinmanagementplansandfloodriskmanagementplansindicatesthatthereisroomforimprovementswithregardtotheintegrationofwatereconomicsintotheframeworkofintegratedwatermanagement.TheEuropeanCommission-DGEnvironmentandtheOECDEnvironmentDirectorateembarkedonajointprojecttoprovidepracticalguidancetoEUmembersstatesandsupportfurtherprogresstowardsrobustwatereconomicstoinformwaterresourcesmanagement.Ultimately,thisisexpectedtofacilitatecompliancewiththeWFDandFloodDirectives.Notingthatthefinancingofmeasuresisamajorobstacletowardsimprovedimplementation,thisjointprojectaimedto:i)assesswhetherEUmemberstateshavesetupappropriatemechanismstorecovercostsofwatermanagement;ii)identifygoodpracticesthatcaninspirefurtherprogressinmemberstates;andiii)providepolicyandmethodologicalguidanceonhowtofurtherrecovercostsofwatermanagement.Analysesandpolicymessagesarerelevanttoabroaderaudience,withaninterestincost-effectiveandfairmanagementofwaterresources
提供机构：
OECD
