Replication data for: Efficiency and Substitutability of Transit Subsidies and Other Urban Transport Policies

This paper analyzes the efficiency of and the substitutability between three urban congestion management policies: transit subsidization, car congestion pricing, and dedicated bus lanes. The model features user heterogeneity, cross-congestion effects between cars and transit, intertemporal and total transport demand elasticities, and is simulated using data for London, UK and Santiago, Chile. We find that the substitutability between policies is large and, in particular, the marginal contribution of increased transit subsidies, as other policies are implemented first, diminishes rapidly. Bus lanes are an attractive way to increase frequencies and decrease fares without injecting public funds.

本研究分析了三项城市拥堵治理政策的实施效率与可替代性，分别为公共交通补贴、小汽车拥堵收费以及专用公交道。该模型具备用户异质性、小汽车与公共交通间的跨拥堵效应、跨期与总体交通需求弹性特征，并基于英国伦敦与智利圣地亚哥的实际数据开展仿真模拟。研究结果表明，各项政策间的可替代性较强；具体而言，当优先落地其他拥堵治理政策时，提升公共交通补贴的边际贡献会快速衰减。此外，专用公交道是无需投入公共资金即可提升公交班次密度、降低票价的优质方案。