Raw GPS data of Southern Giant Petrels during breeding activity in Escudero Station, King George Island, December 2023 and January 2024.

Raw GPS data for Southern Giant Petrels (Macronectes giganteus) in December and January 20213/24 breeding season in Diomedea Islet, Fildes Peninsula, King Goerge Island, Maritime Antarctic Peninusula. All individuals had active nests. Between 2021 and 2023 breeding individuals were captured on the nest, following methods and protocols previously approved (https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.10640094). For capture, one researcher approached the colony, while the others remained at a distance, preferentially out of sight of the birds. Response behavior to the approaching researcher was used as a proxy for capture selection, for instance, animals that regurgitate or stand on the nest exposing the eggs when the researcher approaches are more likely to leave the nest or might take longer to return to the nest after releasing, increasing the risk of breeding failure (Krüger et al. in prep). Therefore, animals displaying those behaviors were not captured. Before capture, the egg was gently removed from below the bird, covered in thermal tissue and put inside a box, for protection from cold and predation. Then the bird was captured by hand and taken to the site where other two researchers were waiting. Animals had their eyes covered with a head hood. All captured animals were ringed with stainless steel bands (rings), preferentially both animals from the same nest. All captured animals had bill and tarsus measured with calipers. Bill was used to determine sex, since males have larger bills with no overlap of measures with females. After release back to the nest, behavioral status of the animal was observed, and after the animal remained sat at the nest, the egg was placed back. GPSs were deployed on the back of the birds using 3M Extreme Hold Duct Tape 2835-B (1.88 inches) and Loctite glue. CatLog-P Gen 2 epoxy cased GPSs loggers (Perthold Technology, 50g) were used. Southern Giant Petrel weight varies between 4 kg and 6 kg, therefore the heavier instrumentation on the lighter birds would represent less than 2% of body weight, percentage which is accepted to have no significant effect on large procellariforms . Loggers were configurated to record one geographical fix each 5 minutes, and were recovered from the birds after 3 to 5 weeks. The research that generated this data was funded by INACH (Programa Áreas Marinas Protegidas 24 03 052) and ANID – Programa Iniciativa Milenio – ICN2021_002 (BASE).本数据集为南极半岛海域乔治王岛菲尔德斯半岛迪欧米迪亚岛2023/2024年繁殖季12月至1月期间的南方巨鹱（Southern Giant Petrel, Macronectes giganteus）原始GPS数据，所有研究个体均拥有活跃巢穴。 2021年至2023年间，研究人员依照此前获批的方法与规程，在巢穴处捕捉繁殖个体（https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.10640094）。捕捉时，一名研究人员靠近繁殖群，其余人员保持距离，优先确保不被鸟类察觉。研究人员以个体对靠近的研究人员的反应行为作为捕捉筛选的替代指标：例如，当研究人员靠近时，出现呕吐行为或站在巢穴上暴露鸟蛋的个体，更有可能弃巢，或在被捕捉释放后更长时间才返回巢穴，从而增加繁殖失败的风险（Krüger等人，待发表）。因此，出现上述行为的个体不会被捕捉。 捕捉前，研究人员会将鸟蛋从亲鸟身下轻轻取出，用保温材料包裹后放入箱中，以避免其受冻或被捕食。随后，研究人员徒手捕捉该鸟类，并将其带至另外两名研究人员等候的地点。为其眼部戴上头套以降低应激反应。所有被捕捉的个体均佩戴不锈钢脚环，优先为同巢穴的两只亲鸟均佩戴脚环。所有被捕捉个体均使用游标卡尺测量喙长与跗跖长。由于雄性南方巨鹱的喙更长，且喙长测量值与雌性无重叠，因此通过喙长即可判定个体性别。将个体放回巢穴后，研究人员会观察其行为状态，待个体重新在巢穴上栖息后，再将鸟蛋放回原处。 研究人员使用3M超强型防水胶带2835-B（1.88英寸）和乐泰胶将GPS记录器固定在鸟类背部，本次使用的设备为CatLog-P Gen 2环氧封装GPS记录器（Perthold Technology公司，重量50克）。南方巨鹱的体重介于4千克至6千克之间，因此即使在体重较轻的个体身上，该设备重量也仅占其体重的2%以下，该比例被认为对大型鹱形目鸟类无显著影响。记录器被设置为每5分钟记录一次地理定位数据，并在设备安装3至5周后从鸟类身上回收。 本数据集相关研究由智利国家南极研究所（INACH，海洋保护区项目24 03 052）以及智利国家研究与发展署（ANID，千禧创新计划ICN2021_002（BASE））资助。