Volcanic Information System (VIS) Dataset: global volcanic eruptive activity records using IMS infrasound detections

The Volcanic Information System (VIS) is a detection algorithm designed to identify and characterize explosive volcanic eruptions based on long-range infrasound observations (De Negri et al., 2024). VIS utilizes data from a single array to detect infrasound emitted by ongoing volcanic eruptions and applies normalized thresholds to parameterize the eruption. This process generates records of increased volcanic activity. The parameterization relies on the Infrasound Parameter (IP), a detection algorithm initially developed for local infrasound early warning systems (Ulivieri et al., 2013; Ripepe et al., 2018), and later adapted for long-range observations (Marchetti et al., 2019; LePichon et al., 2021; Gheri et al., 2023). The IP is the core component of VIS and enables the characterization of infrasound signals in terms of signal strength and persistency (see Gheri et al., 2023 and Gheri et al., in press). This dataset presents the results from VIS applied to data collected from 16 International Monitoring System (IMS) arrays over a period of ten years (2010-2019), as detailed in Gheri et al. (in press). VIS is a binary system that reflects the status of a volcano based on long-range infrasound data over time. When the range-corrected IP exceeds a predefined threshold, a VIS record is generated, potentially indicating a volcanic eruption. Each VIS record is identified by its start time (tstart) and end time (tend), corresponding to the infrasound signals radiated by the volcano. The dataset includes 419 VIS records associated with volcanic eruptions, based on comparisons with Global Volcanism Program (GVP) bulletin reports. These records correspond to volcanoes located within 2000 km of the IMS arrays. For each .mat file, the following information is provided: tstart: onset time of the eruption tend: end time of the eruption Psmean: pressure amplitude at the source Ndet: signal persistency Range-corrected IP: Infrasound Parameter for the event. This dataset provides valuable insights into volcanic activity, combining infrasound data with eruption timelines to enhance monitoring capabilities. The University of Florence acknowledges the contribution of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan, Mission 4 Component 2 -- Investment 1.4 -- NATIONAL CENTER FOR HPC, BIG DATA AND QUANTUM COMPUTING -- funded by the European Union -- NextGenerationEU -- CUP B83C22002830001.火山信息系统（Volcanic Information System, VIS）是一款基于远程次声观测识别并表征爆发性火山喷发的检测算法（De Negri等，2024）。VIS依托单个台阵的数据，检测持续火山喷发辐射出的次声信号，并通过归一化阈值对喷发过程进行参数化，进而生成火山活动增强的记录。该参数化流程依托次声参数（Infrasound Parameter, IP）——该算法最初针对本地次声预警系统开发（Ulivieri等，2013；Ripepe等，2018），后经优化适配至远程次声观测场景（Marchetti等，2019；LePichon等，2021；Gheri等，2023）。IP是VIS的核心组件，可基于信号强度与持续性特征对次声信号进行表征（详见Gheri等，2023及Gheri等即将出版文献）。 本数据集收录了VIS对2010至2019年十年间16个国际监测系统（International Monitoring System, IMS）台阵采集数据的分析结果，详细内容见Gheri等（即将出版）。VIS是一款二值状态系统，可基于长期远程次声数据随时间反映火山活动状态：当经距离校正的次声参数超过预设阈值时，将生成一条VIS记录，提示可能存在火山喷发。每条VIS记录以起始时刻（tstart）与结束时刻（tend）进行标识，对应火山辐射的次声信号时段。 本数据集共包含419条与火山喷发相关的VIS记录，该结果通过与全球火山活动计划（Global Volcanism Program, GVP）公报报告比对验证得到。这些记录对应的火山均位于IMS台阵2000公里范围内。每个.mat格式文件包含以下信息： tstart：喷发起始时刻 tend：喷发结束时刻 Psmean：震源压力振幅 Ndet：信号持续性 Range-corrected IP：事件的经距离校正次声参数。 本数据集将次声数据与喷发时序相结合，可为提升火山监测能力提供极具价值的参考依据。 佛罗伦萨大学感谢国家恢复与韧性计划、任务4组件2——投资1.4——国家高性能计算、大数据与量子计算中心——由欧盟——下一代欧盟——资助（CUP B83C22002830001）的支持。