Dataset and R-script for simple mechanistic model of Heracleum sosnowskyi seed dispersal by wind

The dataset contains: - primary data about Heracleum sosnowskyi seeds traits (terminal velocity, mass, area, wing loading) and release heights for <em>H. sosnowskyi</em> populations from two geographically distant Russia regions; - results of experiments of model seeds launches under different wind speeds; - R script for exploratory statistical analysis, linear regressions and mechanistc models testing. The anemochorous seed dispersal was generalized with a number of empirical and mechanistic models of varying complexity. The aim of this work was to develop the simplest possible mechanistic model of <em>Heracleum sosnowskyi</em> that allows to determine the distance of seed dispersal by wind with an accuracy comparable to that of empirical measurements. We measured and compared the characteristics of the seeds (terminal velocity, mass, area, wing loading) as well as the release height for <em>H. sosnowskyi</em> populations from two geographically distant Russia regions. We tested two simplest mechanistic models: a ballistic model and a wind gradient model using identical artificial seeds with characteristics similar to those of real <em>H. sosnowskyi</em> seeds. The wind gradient model gave the best results, despite the fact that uniform in shape, weight and size artificial <em>H. sosnowskyi</em> seeds, when dropped simultaneously from the same height, fly off at different distances. This model provides an estimate of dispersal distances with an accuracy comparable to that of empirical measurements. We plan to use the presented model to develop an individual-based model that will allow us to calculate the flight distances of <em>H. sosnowskyi</em> propagules, taking into account real weather conditions in different years and in different parts of its invasion range. All primary data and R-scripts used are freely available at the Zenodo repository (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3766035).本数据集包含以下内容： - 来自俄罗斯两个地理相隔较远区域的索氏独活（*Heracleum sosnowskyi*）种群的种子特性（终端速度、质量、面积、翼载荷）及种子释放高度的原始数据； - 不同风速下人工种子释放实验的结果； - 用于探索性统计分析、线性回归及机械模型测试的R脚本。 风媒种子扩散（anemochorous seed dispersal）可通过多种复杂度各异的经验模型与机械模型进行概括。本研究的目标是构建尽可能简洁的索氏独活机械模型，以实现精准度可媲美实测结果的风传种子扩散距离预测。 我们测量并对比了来自俄罗斯两个地理相隔较远区域的索氏独活种群的种子特性（终端速度、质量、面积、翼载荷）以及种子释放高度。我们采用特性与真实索氏独活种子相近的标准化人工种子，测试了两种极简机械模型：弹道模型与风梯度模型。尽管形状、重量与尺寸均一的人工索氏独活种子从同一高度同时掉落时，飞行距离存在差异，但风梯度模型仍取得了最优结果。该模型可实现精准度媲美实测结果的扩散距离预测。 我们计划基于本研究提出的模型构建基于个体的模型，以结合入侵区域不同年份、不同区位的真实气象条件，计算索氏独活繁殖体的飞行扩散距离。 本研究所用的全部原始数据与R脚本均可在Zenodo知识库（https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3766035）免费获取。