Process intensification in a chemical reactor with enhanced heat exchange

<strong>Process intensification in a chemical reactor with enhanced heat exchange</strong> Junjie Chen Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: [e-mail] A reactor, in chemical engineering, is a device or vessel within which chemical processes are carried out for experimental or manufacturing purposes. Reactors range in size and complexity from small, open kettles fitted with simple stirrers and heaters to large, elaborate vessels equipped with jackets or internal coils for heating or cooling, nozzles or ports for adding and removing materials, sources of ultraviolet radiation or electrical energy, specially designed agitators or scrapers, and strong walls and tight seals to permit operation at high or low pressures. In many cases, these reactors are provided with instruments that measure temperature, pressure, pH, or other properties of the contents. They are constructed of materials selected for strength and resistance to attack by the substances being processed. For certain processes that are particularly adaptable to continuous operation, reactors are devised so that the chemical reaction may continue for weeks or months while starting materials are introduced continuously or intermittently and the finished product is removed in a steady stream or in periodic discharges. Scale of temperature is a methodology of calibrating the physical quantity temperature in metrology. Empirical scales measure temperature in relation to convenient and stable parameters, such as the freezing and boiling point of water. Absolute temperature is based on thermodynamic principles: using the lowest possible temperature as the zero point, and selecting a convenient incremental unit. Streamwise distance (millimeters), Wall centerline temperature (degrees kelvin) 0 498.195 0.00025 498.22 0.0005 498.261 0.00075 498.266 0.001 498.214 0.00125 498.105 0.0015 497.946 0.00175 497.745 0.002 497.508 0.00225 497.244 0.0025 496.958 0.00275 496.655 0.003 496.34 0.00325 496.017 0.0035 495.69 0.00375 495.362 0.004 495.035 0.00425 494.711 0.0045 494.392 0.00475 494.081 0.005 493.776 0.00525 493.48 0.0055 493.194 0.00575 492.917 0.006 492.651 0.00625 492.395 0.0065 492.151 0.00675 491.917 0.007 491.694 0.00725 491.483 0.0075 491.283 0.00775 491.094 0.008 490.917 0.00825 490.751 0.0085 490.596 0.00875 490.451 0.009 490.318 0.00925 490.194 0.0095 490.081 0.00975 489.978 0.01 489.883 0.01025 489.798 0.0105 489.721 0.01075 489.652 0.011 489.591 0.01125 489.538 0.0115 489.492 0.01175 489.453 0.012 489.421 0.01225 489.395 0.0125 489.374 0.01275 489.36 0.013 489.35 0.01325 489.346 0.0135 489.347 0.01375 489.353 0.014 489.362 0.01425 489.376 0.0145 489.394 0.01475 489.415 0.015 489.44 0.01525 489.469 0.0155 489.5 0.01575 489.534 0.016 489.571 0.01625 489.612 0.0165 489.655 0.01675 489.7 0.017 489.748 0.01725 489.798 0.0175 489.85 0.01775 489.904 0.018 489.96 0.01825 490.017 0.0185 490.076 0.01875 490.138 0.019 490.2 0.01925 490.264 0.0195 490.33 0.01975 490.396 0.02 490.464 0.02025 490.533 0.0205 490.603 0.02075 490.674 0.021 490.745 0.02125 490.818 0.0215 490.891 0.02175 490.964 0.022 491.038 0.02225 &amp;nbs<strong>具备强化换热功能的化学反应器内的过程强化</strong> 陈俊杰 河南理工大学机械与动力工程学院能源与动力工程系，中国河南省焦作市世纪大道2000号，454000，中华人民共和国 贡献者：陈俊杰，开放研究者与贡献者标识符（ORCID）：0000-0001-5055-4309，电子邮箱：[e-mail] 化学反应工程中的反应器，是指用于开展实验或工业化生产目的化学反应的装置或容器。反应器的尺寸与复杂程度跨度极大，从配备简易搅拌装置与加热单元的小型开口反应釜，到带有夹套或内部盘管以实现精准加热/冷却、设有用于物料进料与出料的喷嘴或端口、搭载紫外辐射或电能激发源、配备特制搅拌器或刮料机构、并具备可承受高低压操作的坚固壁厚与严密密封结构的大型复杂反应容器均属此类。在多数应用场景中，这类反应器会集成用于监测内部物料温度、压力、pH值及其他关键属性的传感仪表。反应器的选材需兼顾结构强度与抗加工介质腐蚀的双重性能。对于适配连续化运行的特定工艺，反应器可设计为可连续或间歇投入原料、并以稳定连续流或周期性排料的方式持续进行化学反应长达数周乃至数月。 温度刻度（Scale of temperature）是计量学中用于标定温度这一物理量的方法。经验温标基于便捷且稳定的参比条件进行温度量化，例如以水的冰点与沸点作为基准点。绝对温标则基于热力学原理构建，以理论上可达到的最低温度作为零点，并选取合适的增量单位。 沿程距离（毫米）、壁面中心线温度（开尔文） 0 498.195 0.00025 498.22 0.0005 498.261 0.00075 498.266 0.001 498.214 0.00125 498.105 0.0015 497.946 0.00175 497.745 0.002 497.508 0.00225 497.244 0.0025 496.958 0.00275 496.655 0.003 496.34 0.00325 496.017 0.0035 495.69 0.00375 495.362 0.004 495.035 0.00425 494.711 0.0045 494.392 0.00475 494.081 0.005 493.776 0.00525 493.48 0.0055 493.194 0.00575 492.917 0.006 492.651 0.00625 492.395 0.0065 492.151 0.00675 491.917 0.007 491.694 0.00725 491.483 0.0075 491.283 0.00775 491.094 0.008 490.917 0.00825 490.751 0.0085 490.596 0.00875 490.451 0.009 490.318 0.00925 490.194 0.0095 490.081 0.00975 489.978 0.01 489.883 0.01025 489.798 0.0105 489.721 0.01075 489.652 0.011 489.591 0.01125 489.538 0.0115 489.492 0.01175 489.453 0.012 489.421 0.01225 489.395 0.0125 489.374 0.01275 489.36 0.013 489.35 0.01325 489.346 0.0135 489.347 0.01375 489.353 0.014 489.362 0.01425 489.376 0.0145 489.394 0.01475 489.415 0.015 489.44 0.01525 489.469 0.0155 489.5 0.01575 489.534 0.016 489.571 0.01625 489.612 0.0165 489.655 0.01675 489.7 0.017 489.748 0.01725 489.798 0.0175 489.85 0.01775 489.904 0.018 489.96 0.01825 490.017 0.0185 490.076 0.01875 490.138 0.019 490.2 0.01925 490.264 0.0195 490.33 0.01975 490.396 0.02 490.464 0.02025 490.533 0.0205 490.603 0.02075 490.674 0.021 490.745 0.02125 490.818 0.0215 490.891 0.02175 490.964 0.022 491.038 0.02225 &amp;nbs