TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING RHETORICAL COMPETENCE IN FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS THROUGH HEURISTIC TEACHING METHODS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE "PEDAGOGICAL MASTERY" COURSE)

This article discusses the issues of developing rhetorical competence in future primary school teachers based on heuristic teaching methodology. The role of rhetorical competence in pedagogical activity, its structural components, and the necessity of its formation are scientifically and theoretically substantiated. The study analyzes the essence of heuristic teaching methodology, its didactic possibilities, and the mechanisms for its application in the “Pedagogical Mastery” course. Furthermore, the stages of the technology for developing rhetorical competence (diagnostic, motivational, activity-based, and reflective) are revealed. The results of the study contribute to improving future teachers’ speech culture, pedagogical communication skills, and professional training.本文探讨基于启发式教学法（heuristic teaching methodology）培养未来小学教师修辞素养的相关议题。本研究从科学与理论层面论证了修辞素养在教育教学活动中的作用、其结构组成要素以及培育该素养的必要性。研究分析了启发式教学法的本质、教学论应用潜力，以及其在《教学精通》课程中的实施机制。此外，本研究还明确了修辞素养培养体系的四个实施阶段，即诊断阶段、动机驱动阶段、实践活动阶段与反思阶段。本研究成果有助于提升未来教师的言语修养、教育教学沟通技能与职业培训水平。