Data underpinning "Noncoplanar orders and quantum disordered states in maple-leaf antiferromagnets"

A promising route towards the realization of chiral spin liquids is the quantum melting of classically noncoplanar spin states via quantum fluctuations. In the classical realm, such noncoplanar orders can effectively be stabilized by interactions beyond nearest neighbors. Motivated by the recent synthesis of materials with amaple-leaf lattice geometry, we study the effect of cross-plaquette couplings on elementary Heisenberg antiferromagnets for this geometry. We find a rich spectrum of noncoplanar states, including a novel icosahedral order as well as incommensurate spin spirals, using large-scale Monte Carlo simulations in combination witha semi-analytical analysis. To inspect the potential quantum melting of these states, we analyze the quantum S = 1/2 variant of these models using pseudo-fermion functional renormalization group (pf-FRG) simulations. Notably, we indeed find extended parameter regimes lacking long-range magnetic order – in regions classicallyoccupied by noncoplanar orders – which we putatively identify with the possible formation of chiral quantum spin liquids.

实现手性自旋液体（chiral spin liquids）的一条极具前景的路径，是通过量子涨落使经典非共面自旋态发生量子熔化。在经典物理框架下，这类非共面有序态可通过近邻相互作用以外的耦合作用得到有效稳定。受近期合成的具有掌叶晶格（ample-leaf lattice）几何结构的材料所启发，我们针对该晶格几何，研究了交叉格块耦合（cross-plaquette couplings）对基础海森堡反铁磁体的影响。结合大规模蒙特卡洛模拟与半解析分析方法，我们发现了丰富的非共面自旋态谱系，其中包含一种新型二十面体有序态与非公度自旋螺旋结构。为探究这些自旋态的潜在量子熔化过程，我们采用赝费米子泛函重整化群（pf-FRG）模拟方法，对这些模型的S=1/2自旋变体展开了分析。值得注意的是，我们确实在经典上由非共面有序态占据的参数区域内，找到了不存在长程磁序的扩展参数区间，并将其推测为手性量子自旋液体的可能形成区域。