Ontological Assessment Model for Assessing Industry 5.0 Readiness: the Holistic Maturity Model 5.0

The intersection of sustainability and digitalization creates a synergy in which they emerge as a single entity. This phenomenon, known in the literature as "digitainbility," represents the harmonious fusion between the goal of achieving sustainability and the increasingly pervasive application of digital technologies. Simultaneously, the adoption of the Industry 5.0 paradigm is growing, which heavily relies on these two fundamental pillars: the utilization of digital technologies to promote environmental sustainability and operational resilience, all oriented towards the centrality of human needs. Based on the considerations presented thus far, it is evident that companies should evaluate the level of maturity concerning these concepts to determine their readiness for the transition toward Industry 5.0.
Following a careful literature review of assessment models (maturity models and standards) about sustainability and digitization, conducted in a previous paper by the authors, the need emerged to define a "holistic" maturity model that is capable of contextually assessing all aspects of the Industry 5.0 issues and at all company levels. Therefore, the paper aims to design the Holistic Maturity Model 5.0 (HMM5.0). The Holistic Maturity Model 5.0 was constructed according to the Design Science Research (DSR) Approach, defining indicators, dimensions, policy, and evaluation methods. Finally, the model was formalized using an ontological approach by formally and explicitly describing the terms, roles, properties, and possible constraints.

可持续发展与数字化的交汇能够催生协同效应，二者在此过程中融合为统一整体。这一现象在学术文献中被称为“digitainbility”，代表着可持续发展目标与日益普及的数字技术应用之间的和谐融合。与此同时，工业5.0（Industry 5.0）范式的应用规模持续扩大，其核心依托两大支柱：通过数字技术推动环境可持续发展与运营韧性，且所有举措均以人类需求为核心。基于前述所有考量，企业显然需要评估自身在上述概念层面的成熟度，以此判断向工业5.0转型的准备就绪程度。在作者团队此前发表的一项研究中，针对可持续发展与数字化相关的评估模型（成熟度模型与标准）开展了系统性文献综述，期间明确了构建一套“整体性”成熟度模型的必要性——该模型需能够针对工业5.0相关的所有维度以及企业各层级进行情境化评估。因此，本研究旨在设计整体性成熟度模型5.0（Holistic Maturity Model 5.0，简称HMM5.0）。该模型依据设计科学研究（Design Science Research，DSR）方法构建，明确界定了指标、维度、政策框架与评估方法。最终，团队采用本体论方法对模型进行形式化建模，通过正式且清晰的描述，明确了相关术语、角色、属性及可能存在的约束条件。