Global mining deforestation footprint data from 2000 to 2019

The data in this repository is available under the Open Database License: http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0/. Any rights in individual contents of the database are licensed under the Database Contents License: http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/dbcl/1.0/This repository includes two datasets. The first is a collection of polygons covering mines globally and the associated forest cover loss from 2000 to 2019. The polygons were derived by merging the "global-scale mining polygons version 2" (Maus et al., 2022) and mining and quarry polygon features extracted from the OpenStreetMap database (OpenStreetMap contributors, 2017). To remove double counting of areas the overlaps between the datasets were resolved by uniting intersecting features into single polygon features, i.e. keeping only the external borders of intersecting features. A random visual check was conducted, and a few small manual editing of polygons was performed where errors were identified. The resulting dataset is encoded as a Geopackage in the file 'global_mining_polygons.gpkg'. The GeoPackage includes a single layer with 192,584 entries called 'mining_polygons' with the following attributes: id<string> unique feature identifier isoa3<string> ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country codes country<string> country names area<double> area of the polygon in squared kilometres geom<polygon> the geometry of the features in geographical coordinates WGS84 The second dataset provides annual time series of global tree cover loss within mines from 2000 to 2019, covering all polygons in the above dataset. The area of tree cover loss for each polygon was calculated from the Global Forest Change database (Hansen et al., 2013). Each polygon also has additional string attributes with biomes derived from Ecoregions 2017 © Resolve (Dinerstein et al., 2017) and the level of protection derived from The World Database on Protected Areas (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN, 2022). This dataset is encoded in CSV format in the file 'global_mining_forest_loss.csv', which includes 416,412 entries and 53 variables, such that: id<string> unique feature identifier id_hcluster<string> unique feature identifier list_of_commodities<string> a comma-separated list of commodities isoa3<string> ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country codes country<string> country names ecoregion<string> ecoregion name biome<string> biome name year<numeric> the year area_forest_loss_XXX_YYY<double> the area of forest cover loss within a polygon per year in squared kilometres. The values of tree cover loss are disaggregated per initial percentage of tree cover (XXX) and per protection level (YYY). XXX can take one of: 000: total tree cover loss independently from the initial tree cover 025: tree cover loss on pixels with initial tree cover between 0 and 25% 050: tree cover loss on pixels with initial tree cover between 25 and 50% 075: tree cover loss on pixels with initial tree cover between 50 and 75% 100: tree cover loss on pixels with initial tree cover between 75 and 100% YYY can take one of: la: tree cover loss within strict nature reserve Ib: tree cover loss within wilderness area II: tree cover loss within national park III: tree cover loss within natural monument or feature IV: tree cover loss within habitat/species management area V: tree cover loss within protected landscape/seascape VI: tree cover loss within PA with sustainable use of natural resources p: tree cover loss within any type of protection, including not applicable, not assigned, or not reported none: when YYY is omitted, total tree cover loss within the polygon For details about the protection levels definition see the UNEP-WCMC and IUCN (2022). The id can be used to link polygons to forest loss data.本仓库中的数据遵循开放数据库许可证（Open Database License）：http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0/。数据库内各独立内容的相关权利遵循数据库内容许可证（Database Contents License）：http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/dbcl/1.0/。 本仓库包含两个数据集。第一个为覆盖全球矿山的多边形数据集，以及2000年至2019年的相关森林覆盖损失数据。该多边形数据集通过合并"全球尺度矿山多边形第二版"（Maus等人，2022）与从开放街图（OpenStreetMap）数据库提取的矿山与采石场多边形要素（开放街图贡献者，2017）得到。为消除区域重复计数，通过将相交要素合并为单个多边形要素（即仅保留相交要素的外边界）解决了数据集间的重叠问题。随后开展了随机目视检查，并在识别出错误的位置对少量多边形进行了手动编辑。 生成的数据集以GeoPackage格式存储于文件`global_mining_polygons.gpkg`中。该GeoPackage包含一个名为`mining_polygons`的单一图层，共192,584条记录，其属性字段如下： - id<string>：唯一要素标识符 - isoa3<string>：ISO 3166-1 alpha-3国家代码 - country<string>：国家名称 - area<double>：多边形面积，单位为平方千米 - geom<polygon>：采用WGS84地理坐标系的要素几何信息 第二个数据集提供了2000年至2019年全球矿山范围内树木覆盖损失的年度时间序列数据，覆盖上述数据集的所有多边形。各多边形的树木覆盖损失面积由全球森林变化数据库（Hansen等人，2013）计算得到。每个多边形还附带了额外的字符串属性，包括源自《2017年生态区》© Resolve（Dinerstein等人，2017）的生物群系信息，以及源自世界保护区数据库（UNEP-WCMC与IUCN，2022）的保护等级信息。 该数据集以CSV格式存储于文件`global_mining_forest_loss.csv`中，共包含416,412条记录与53个变量，其字段说明如下： - id<string>：唯一要素标识符 - id_hcluster<string>：唯一要素标识符 - list_of_commodities<string>：以逗号分隔的商品列表 - isoa3<string>：ISO 3166-1 alpha-3国家代码 - country<string>：国家名称 - ecoregion<string>：生态区名称 - biome<string>：生物群系名称 - year<numeric>：年份 - area_forest_loss_XXX_YYY<double>：某一年份内多边形内的森林覆盖损失面积，单位为平方千米。 树木覆盖损失的数值按初始树木覆盖百分比（XXX）与保护等级（YYY）进行细分： XXX的可选值包括： - 000：不考虑初始树木覆盖的总森林覆盖损失 - 025：初始树木覆盖介于0%至25%的像元上的森林覆盖损失 - 050：初始树木覆盖介于25%至50%的像元上的森林覆盖损失 - 075：初始树木覆盖介于50%至75%的像元上的森林覆盖损失 - 100：初始树木覆盖介于75%至100%的像元上的森林覆盖损失 YYY的可选值包括： - la：严格自然保护区内的森林覆盖损失 - Ib：荒野区域内的森林覆盖损失 - II：国家公园内的森林覆盖损失 - III：自然遗迹或地标内的森林覆盖损失 - IV：栖息地/物种管理区内的森林覆盖损失 - V：受保护景观/海域内的森林覆盖损失 - VI：可持续利用自然资源的保护区内的森林覆盖损失 - p：任何类型保护区内的森林覆盖损失，包括不适用、未指定或未报告的情况 - none：当省略YYY时，代表多边形内的总森林覆盖损失 有关保护等级定义的详细信息，请参阅UNEP-WCMC与IUCN（2022）。可通过id字段将多边形与森林损失数据进行关联。