[DREAL Occitanie] Natura 2000 — Habitats Directive

Application Spaces * The Habitats Directive of 22 May 1992 determines the establishment of a European ecological network of Natura 2000 sites comprising both special areas of conservation classified under the Habitats Directive and special protection areas classified under the Birds Directive on 23 April 1979. * Special areas of conservation (SACs) are maritime and terrestrial sites which include natural habitats or habitats of species of wild fauna and flora listed by order of the Minister responsible for the environment and whose rarity, vulnerability or specificity justify the designation of such areas and hence special attention. * The provisions on Natura 2000 sites are applicable in the European territory of the Member States. Objectives * Definition of objectives: O Maintain or restore in a state favourable to their long-term maintenance the natural habitats and populations of the species of wild fauna and flora that have justified the designation of the Natura 2000 site. O Avoid the deterioration of natural habitats and disturbances that would significantly affect the species of wild fauna and flora that justified the designation of the Natura 2000 site. * Device to achieve the objectives: O Measures to achieve the objectives thus defined are taken under Natura 2000 contracts or charters or by virtue of laws, regulations and administrative provisions, in particular those relating to national parks, nature reserves, biotopes, classified sites or nature police. O An objective document (DOCOB) sets out for each site the guidelines and measures for the management and conservation of habitats and species, the modalities for their implementation and the accompanying financial arrangements.### 适用范畴 * 1992年5月22日颁布的《生境指令》（Habitats Directive）确立了欧盟自然2000（Natura 2000）生态网络的设立机制，该网络涵盖两类站点：依据《生境指令》划定的特别保育区，以及依据1979年4月23日《鸟类指令》（Birds Directive）划定的特别保护区。 * 特别保育区（Special Areas of Conservation，SACs）为海洋与陆地场所，包含由环境主管部长通过政令公布的野生动植物物种的自然栖息地或其栖息生境，此类栖息地或物种因具备稀有性、脆弱性或特异性，值得划定专属区域并获得特殊管护关注。 * 自然2000站点的相关监管规定适用于欧盟成员国的欧洲领土范围。 ### 核心目标 * 目标界定： * 维持或恢复自然栖息地及野生动植物物种种群，使其处于有利于长期存续的状态——这些物种正是划定自然2000站点的依据。 * 避免自然栖息地退化，以及对作为划定自然2000站点依据的野生动植物物种造成显著干扰。 * 实现目标的实施路径： * 为达成上述既定目标所采取的措施，可通过自然2000协议或宪章推行，或依据相关法律法规及行政规定落地，特别是针对国家公园、自然保护区、生物生境、划定保护场所及自然管护执法的相关规定。 * 目标文件（Document d'Objectifs，DOCOB）会为每个站点明确栖息地与物种的管理及保育指南、具体措施、实施方式，以及配套的资金安排方案。