Areas of global importance for conserving terrestrial biodiversity, carbon, and water

<strong>Content:</strong><br> This data repository contains the results of the NatureMap ( naturemap.earth/) conservation prioritization effort. The maps were created by jointly optimizing biodiversity and NCPs such as carbon and/or water. <strong>Usage notes:</strong><br> Maps are supplied at both 10km and 50km resolution unless specified differently in the manuscript.<br> All maps that aim to find priority areas for all species considered in the analysis, utilize a series of representative sets.<br> The ranks for each layer are area-specific and can be used to extract summary statistics by simple subsetting.<br> For example:<br> To obtain the top 30% of land area for biodiversity and carbon, one needs to create a mask of all areas lower than a value of 30 from the respective ranked layers. For convenience two files are supplied that contain the fraction of land area per grid cell times 1000. Multiplying those with the cell area (100km2, respectively 2500km2) gives the exact amount of land area in a given grid cell.<br> These are labelled " globalgrid_mollweide_**km.tif " can be used to create masks for the priority maps. <strong>Spatial resolution:</strong> 10 and 50 km <strong>Geographic projection:</strong><br> World Mollweide Equal Area projection<br> PROJ4 ( +proj=moll +lon_0=0 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs ) <strong>Filename suffix description:</strong> <em>'minshort_speciestargets'</em><br> =- Problem formulation where targets were achieved by minimzing a shortfall <em>'repruns10'</em><br> =- The number of representative that were used to create the ranked layer <em>'biome.id'</em><br> =- Species distribution were split by biome, thus creating separate targets for subpopulation <em>'withPA'</em><br> =- Fractions of current protected areas (Date: WDPA 2019) were locked in as baseline and starting budget. Approximately 15% of the globe. Note that not entire grid cells, but fractions were locked in and build opon! <em>'carbon'</em><br> =- Carbon was included in the prioritization and jointly optimized together with the other assets by giving it equal weighting (see manuscript) <em>'water'</em><br> =- Water was included in the prioritization and jointly optimized together with the other assets by giving it equal weighting (see manuscript) <strong>License:</strong><br> CC-BY-SA 4.0 <strong>Citation:</strong><br> Jung, Martin, Andy Arnell, Xavier De Lamo, Shaenandhoa Garcia-Rangel, Matthew Lewis, Jennifer Mark, Cory Merow et al. (2021) "Areas of global importance for terrestrial biodiversity, carbon, and water." Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution<strong>数据集内容：</strong><br>本数据集仓库收录了NatureMap（naturemap.earth/）保护优先级规划工作的成果。该地图通过联合优化生物多样性与碳、水等自然对人类的贡献（NCPs, Nature's Contributions to People）生成。<br><br><strong>使用说明：</strong><br>除非手稿中另有特殊说明，本数据集提供的地图分辨率均为10km与50km。<br>所有旨在识别分析中纳入的所有物种的优先级区域的地图，均采用了一系列代表性物种集合。<br>各图层的排名均针对特定区域，可通过简单的子集提取操作获取汇总统计量。<br>例如：<br>若要获取兼顾生物多样性与碳效益的陆地面积前30%区域，需从对应的排名图层中生成所有值低于30的区域掩码。为方便使用，本数据集提供了两个文件，其存储的数值为每个网格单元的陆地面积占比乘以1000。将该数值与对应网格单元的面积（100km²或2500km²）相乘，即可得到给定网格单元内的确切陆地面积。<br>这些文件命名格式为`globalgrid_mollweide_**km.tif`，可用于生成优先级地图的掩码。<br><br><strong>空间分辨率：</strong> 10km与50km<br><br><strong>地理投影：</strong><br>世界莫尔韦德（Mollweide）等面积投影<br>PROJ4参数为：+proj=moll +lon_0=0 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs<br><br><strong>文件名后缀说明：</strong><br><em>'minshort_speciestargets'</em>：表示通过最小化缺口达成保护目标的问题设定<br><em>'repruns10'</em>：表示用于生成排名图层的代表性集合数量为10<br><em>'biome.id'</em>：表示物种分布按生物群系划分，因此为亚种群设置了独立的保护目标<br><em>'withPA'</em>：表示将当前保护区的占比（数据来源：2019年世界保护区数据库（WDPA, World Database on Protected Areas））锁定为基线与初始预算，约占全球陆地面积的15%。需注意，本次锁定并非针对完整网格单元，而是针对其中的部分区域，并在此基础上开展优先级规划！<br><em>'carbon'</em>：表示将碳要素纳入优先级规划，通过等权重方式与其他保护要素联合优化（详见手稿）<br><em>'water'</em>：表示将水要素纳入优先级规划，通过等权重方式与其他保护要素联合优化（详见手稿）<br><br><strong>许可证：</strong><br>CC-BY-SA 4.0<br><br><strong>引用格式：</strong><br>Jung, Martin, Andy Arnell, Xavier De Lamo, Shaenandhoa Garcia-Rangel, Matthew Lewis, Jennifer Mark, Cory Merow 等 (2021) 《全球陆地生物多样性、碳与水重要区域》，《自然-生态与进化》（Nature Ecology & Evolution）