Data from: SNP markers tightly linked to root knot nematode resistance in grapevine (Vitis cinerea) identified by a genotyping-by-sequencing approach followed by Sequenom MassARRAY validation

Plant parasitic nematodes, including root knot nematode Meloidogyne species, cause extensive damage to agriculture and horticultural crops. As Vitis vinifera cultivars are susceptible to root knot nematode parasitism, rootstocks resistant to these soils pests provide a sustainable approach to maintain grapevine production. Currently, most of the commercially available root knot nematode resistant rootstocks are highly vigorous and take up excess potassium, which reduces wine quality. As a result, there is a pressing need to breed new root knot nematode resistant rootstocks, which have no impact on wine quality. To develop molecular markers that predict root knot nematode resistance for marker assisted breeding, a genetic approach was employed to identify a root knot nematode resistance locus in grapevine. To this end, a Meloidogyne javanica resistant Vitis cinerea accession was crossed to a susceptible Vitis vinifera cultivar Riesling and results from screening the F1 individuals support a model that root knot nematode resistance, is conferred by a single dominant allele, referred as MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA RESISTANCE1 (MJR1). Further, MJR1 resistance appears to be mediated by a hypersensitive response that occurs in the root apical meristem. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified using genotyping-by-sequencing and results from association and genetic mapping identified the MJR1 locus, which is located on chromosome 18 in the Vitis cinerea accession. Validation of the SNPs linked to the MJR1 locus using a Sequenom MassARRAY platform found that only 50% could be validated. The validated SNPs that flank and co-segregate with the MJR1 locus can be used for marker-assisted selection for Meloidogyne javanica resistance in grapevine.

植物寄生线虫（plant parasitic nematodes），包括根结线虫属（Meloidogyne）物种，对农业及园艺作物造成严重为害。由于欧亚种葡萄（Vitis vinifera）品种易受根结线虫寄生为害，针对这类土传害虫的抗病砧木可为维持葡萄生产提供可持续解决方案。目前，市面上多数商用抗根结线虫砧木均具有较强生长势，会过量吸收钾元素，进而降低葡萄酒品质。因此，亟需培育出对葡萄酒品质无负面影响的新型抗根结线虫砧木。为开发可预测根结线虫抗性的分子标记以用于标记辅助育种，研究人员通过遗传学方法在葡萄中鉴定出了一个抗根结线虫位点。为此，研究人员将抗爪哇根结线虫（Meloidogyne javanica）的灰葡萄（Vitis cinerea）种质系与感病的欧亚种葡萄品种雷司令（Riesling）进行杂交，对子一代（F1）个体的筛选结果支持了"根结线虫抗性由单个显性等位基因介导"的模型，该等位基因被命名为爪哇根结线虫抗性1号（MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA RESISTANCE1，MJR1）。进一步研究表明，MJR1介导的抗性通过在根尖分生组织中发生的过敏反应实现。研究人员通过基于测序的基因分型（genotyping-by-sequencing）技术鉴定出了单核苷酸多态性（Single nucleotide polymorphisms，SNPs），并通过关联作图与遗传作图确定了MJR1位点，该位点位于灰葡萄种质系的18号染色体上。通过Sequenom MassARRAY平台对与MJR1位点连锁的SNPs进行验证，结果显示仅有50%的SNPs可被成功验证。那些位于MJR1位点两侧且与其共分离的已验证SNPs，可用于葡萄抗爪哇根结线虫的标记辅助选择育种。