2019 Height-Diameter Allometry Data for Palm Species on the Barro Colorado Island 50-ha Plot

Please cite this dataset as

Ramos, Pablo, Paulino Villareal, and Helene C. Muller-Landau. 2024. 2019
Height-Diameter Allometry Data for Palm Species on the Barro Colorado Island
50-ha Plot. Smithsonian Figshare. <https://doi.org.10.25573/data.25021787>

_Objective_ :

Collect height allometry data for BCI palm species to enable improved
estimation of palm biomass stocks and fluxes using palm-specific biomass
allometry equations including height such as those of Goodman et al. 2013
_Forest Ecology and Management._ Particular interest in heights of _Socratea
exorrhiza_ , given that this species grows in diameter as well as height.

_Where_ : 50 ha plot on Barro Colorado Island, Panama.

_How_ : Measurements were taken with a Nikon forestry laser rangefinder using
the sine method (Larjavaara & Muller-Landau, 2013).

_Data processing_

HCM manually combined the 3 original data files (morepalmhtform.xlsx,
moresocrex.xlsx, otherpalms2015.xlsx) into one file,
combineAllPalmHeights2019.xlsx, that just had rows with data. There were
problems with number formats for hom and altura columns – many of them were
somehow misformatted as d.m dates, so had to be manually reentered. Also
converted comments regarding the height of raices or sancos to a new column
Altura sancos o raices. When there were comments on flores or frutas, changed
values of flores or frutas, respectively, columns from blank to “si”. In cases
where there was a comment “nada” or “no encontrado”, I changed status2019 to
“DN” and moved that comment to the Notas column. Status2019 was changed to “A”
for all cases with new data. Personas, frutas, and flores were standardized in
terms of what types of entries were present.

_Additional information_ :

Comments that were on the bottom of the spreadsheet of “morepalmhtform.xlsx”:

nota Altura mínimo base hoja, Altura máxima tronc, Altura maximo hojas en el
caso de de Bachman’s donde algunos tallos crecen con ángulo pronunciado y no
permite medir el largo del tronco directamente hemos puesto la medida de la
distancia horizontal en metros ejem 5.6- 4.8 el 4.8 es desde la base hasta
donde llega la altura de manara horizontal. La idea es calcular la hipotenusa
para saber el largo del tronco
---
Columna dist base: es la distancia desde la base del tallo inclianado hasta
donde el tallo empieza los 90 grados

_Author contributions_

Helene C. Muller-Landau selected the trees, designed the methods, processed
the data, and drafted the metadata. Pablo Ramos and Paulino Villareal
collected the field data. Under the “Personas” column, R = Ramos, V =
Villareal, E = Equipo = Ramos + Villareal.

_Literature Cited_

Condit, R., R. Perez, S. Aguilar, S. Lao, R. Foster, and S. P. Hubbell. 2019.
Complete data from the Barro Colorado 50-ha plot: 423617 trees, 35 years, 2019
version. <https://doi.org/10.15146/5xcp-0d46>

Goodman, R. C., O. L. Phillips, D. del Castillo Torres, L. Freitas, S. Tapia
Cortese, A. Monteagudo, and T. R. Baker. 2013. Amazon palm biomass and
allometry. Forest Ecology and Management, 310: 994-1004.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2013.09.045>

Larjavaara, M., and H. C. Muller-Landau. 2013. Measuring tree height: a
quantitative comparison of two common field methods in a moist tropical
forest. Methods in Ecology and Evolution.
<https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12071>

Muller-Landau, H. C. 2023. Combined Band Dendrometer Protocol Used by
ForestGEO in Panama. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Smithsonian
Figshare. <https://doi.org/10.25573/data.20010176>

本数据集的引用格式如下：
Ramos, Pablo, Paulino Villareal, 及 Helene C. Muller-Landau. 2024. 巴罗科罗拉多岛（Barro Colorado Island）50公顷样地棕榈物种2019年高度-直径异速生长数据. 史密森尼Figshare平台. <https://doi.org.10.25573/data.25021787>

### 研究目标
收集巴罗科罗拉多岛棕榈物种的高度-直径异速生长数据，以借助包含高度参数的棕榈特异性生物量异速生长方程（如Goodman等人2013年发表于《森林生态学与管理（Forest Ecology and Management）》的方程），实现对棕榈生物量储量与通量的更精准估算。鉴于*Socratea exorrhiza*同时进行径生长与高生长，本研究对该物种的株高予以特别关注。

### 研究样地
巴拿马巴罗科罗拉多岛50公顷样地（50-ha Plot）。

### 测量方法
采用尼康（Nikon）林业激光测距仪，通过正弦法（sine method，Larjavaara与Muller-Landau, 2013）开展野外测量。

### 数据处理
HCM手动将3份原始数据文件（morepalmhtform.xlsx、moresocrex.xlsx、otherpalms2015.xlsx）合并为仅包含有效数据行的合并文件combineAllPalmHeights2019.xlsx。原始数据中hom与altura列存在数字格式错误，大量数据被误识别为d.m型日期格式，需手动重新录入。此外，将涉及根（raices）与茎干（sancos）高度的注释信息整合至新列Altura sancos o raices中；若注释提及花或果，则将对应列flores与frutas的空值修改为"si"。当注释内容为"nada"（西班牙语：无）或"no encontrado"（西班牙语：未找到）时，将status2019列的值修改为"DN"，并将该注释移至Notas列；所有包含新数据的条目，其status2019列均被修改为"A"。同时对Personas、frutas与flores列的条目类型进行标准化处理。

### 补充说明
morepalmhtform.xlsx表格底部的注释如下：
> 注：叶基最低高度、树干最大高度、巴赫曼种（Bachman’s）的叶片最大高度——部分茎干以较大倾斜角度生长，无法直接测量树干长度，此时我们记录水平距离（单位：米），例如5.6-4.8，其中4.8为从茎干基部至水平测量点的高度。本注释旨在通过计算斜边长度以获取树干总长。
> dist base列：指倾斜茎干基部至茎干转为90度垂直处的距离。

### 作者贡献
Helene C. Muller-Landau（海伦·C·穆勒-兰多）负责选定样树、设计研究方法、处理数据并撰写元数据；Pablo Ramos（巴勃罗·拉莫斯）与Paulino Villareal（保利诺·比利亚雷亚尔）负责野外数据采集。Personas列中，R代表Ramos（拉莫斯），V代表Villareal（比利亚雷亚尔），E代表Equipo（研究团队）即拉莫斯与比利亚雷亚尔二人。

### 参考文献
1. Condit, R., R. Perez, S. Aguilar, S. Lao, R. Foster, 及 S. P. Hubbell. 2019. 巴罗科罗拉多50公顷样地完整数据集：423617株树木，35年监测，2019版. <https://doi.org/10.15146/5xcp-0d46>
2. Goodman, R. C., O. L. Phillips, D. del Castillo Torres, L. Freitas, S. Tapia Cortese, A. Monteagudo, 及 T. R. Baker. 2013. 亚马逊棕榈生物量与异速生长关系. 《森林生态学与管理（Forest Ecology and Management）》, 310: 994-1004. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2013.09.045>
3. Larjavaara, M., 及 H. C. Muller-Landau. 2013. 树木株高测量：热带湿润森林中两种常用野外方法的定量对比. 《生态学与进化方法（Methods in Ecology and Evolution）》. <https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12071>
4. Muller-Landau, H. C. 2023. 巴拿马ForestGEO使用的联合Band树带测树仪方案. 史密森尼热带研究所. 史密森尼Figshare平台. <https://doi.org/10.25573/data.20010176>